Download Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Student Guide

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Organisms and Environments
Prokaryo'c and Eukaryo'c Cells Part I: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Booklet
All organisms are made of cells that are either prokaryotic or
eukaryotic. To determine the type, prokaryote or eukaryote, the
level of organization within the cell is examined. You will create a
Booklet to learn about and describe the similarities and differences
shown by each type of cell.
1.  Construct your booklet.
2.  Cut along the dotted lines of the booklet distributed by your teacher.
3.  Assemble the book using the page numbers in the bottom corners as a guide. Once it’s put
together, the eukaryotic cell pages should be in order (pages 1 to 4). Flip the booklet over and
the prokaryotic cell pages should be in order (pages 1 to 4).
4.  Stop for a class discussion.
5.  Color and then cut out the cell structures from the last page of the Teacher Printout: Booklet.
Color the structures according to the key. Glue the cell structures on the cell models of each
page 2 of your booklet. Use a toothpick to transfer and attach the small structures with glue.
6.  Use the information found in Parts I and II of this Student Guide to complete page 3 of the
booklet’s eukaryotic cell and page 3 of the booklet’s prokaryote cell.
7.  Use the information found in Parts I and II of this Student Guide to complete the Venn diagram
on the booklet’s center page.
As you work on the booklet, remember that...
Nucleus
Eukaryotes HAVE a nucleus.
Prokaryotes DO NOT HAVE a nucleus.
Put the booklet together and complete it with information from this Student Guide.
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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Organisms and Environments
Part I: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Booklet, continued
PROKARYOTIC CELL
cell membrane
EUKARYOTIC CELL
cytoplasm
cell membrane
cytoplasm
DNA
•  Both have cell membranes. The cell membrane controls the flow of materials in and out of the
cell.
•  Both have cytoplasm. Cytoplasm is the jellylike substance that fills the cell.
•  Both have DNA.
•  Both need energy.
Continue to complete the booklet using information from this Student Guide.
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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Organisms and Environments
Part I: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Booklet, continued
PROKARYOTIC CELL
Pro = “before”, karyon = “nucleus
EUKARYOTIC CELL
Eu = “true”, karyon = “nucleus”
Bacterium Cell
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
•  Typically smaller
•  Typically larger
•  Less complex and less organized
•  More complex and more organized
•  Includes few cell structures
•  Has many cell structures including
organelles such as a nucleus, chloroplasts,
endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and
vacuoles
•  Lacks membrane-bound nucleus
– DNA is not enclosed in a
membrane
•  Has nucleus – DNA is enclosed inside
•  Unicellular (single celled) organisms
•  Example organisms: bacteria,
archaea, and cyanobacteria
•  Can be unicellular (single celled ) or multicellular (more than one celled) organisms
•  Example organisms: plants and animals
Continue to complete the booklet using information from this Student Guide.
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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Organisms and Environments
Part II: A Closer Look at Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic Cells: Study this cell type’s characteristics to provide more detail in your booklet
information and to complete the Student Journal.
Bacterium Cell
cell membrane
controls the flow of materials
in and out of the cell
cytoplasm
jellylike substance
that fills the cell
DNA
genetic material
flagella
moves the cell
ribosome
makes proteins
Characteristics of a prokaryotic cell:
•  Small – typically about 1/10th the size of a eukaryotic cell.
•  Simple and not well-organized, containing only a few cell structures that perform a specific
function such as ribosomes.
•  Lacks membrane-bound nucleus – the DNA inside a prokaryotic cell is not enclosed within a
membrane.
•  Unicellular organisms that are rods, spheres, or spirals in shape.
•  Bacteria are the most common examples of prokaryotic organisms.
Continue to the next page of this Student Guide.
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Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Organisms and Environments
Part II: A Closer Look at Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells, continued
Eukaryotic Cells: Study this cell type’s characteristics to provide more detail in your booklet and to
complete the Student Journal.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
cell membrane
controls the flow of materials
in and out of the cell
vacuole
fluid-filled sac that stores
different materials
mitochondria
supply energy
ribosome
make proteins
nucleus
contains DNA
endoplasmic reticulum
moves materials to
other cell structures
cytoplasm
jellylike substance that
fills the cell
cell wall
outer layer of a plant
cell
chloroplast
makes food for the
plant
Characteristics of a eukaryotic cell:
•  Large – typically about 10 times bigger than prokaryotic cells
•  Complex and well-organized, containing membrane-bound organelles
that perform specific functions within the cell, such as the nucleus, chloroplasts, endoplasmic
reticulum, mitochondria, and vacuoles.
•  Has nucleus – DNA enclosed inside a membrane-bound nucleus.
•  Can be unicellular organisms or found in multi-cellular organism.
•  Plants and animals are examples of multi-celled eukaryotic organisms.
Use your constructed booklet and this Student Guide to complete your Student Journal.
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