Download STUDY CHART: PARTS OF THE CELL

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STUDY CHART: PARTS OF THE CELL
Define organelle using the textbook glossary. It is ok to use internet pictures for the
sketch. As you complete each row, put a “*” next to the cell part if it’s an organelle.
A typical plant or animal cell has:
Cell part
Where in the cell
is it
located/found?
Function; What JOB
It Does For the Cell
Cell membrane
(Also called: plasma
membrane)
Perimeter/outside Regulates what
of the cell
enters & leaves the
cell; “barrier”
Nucleus
in cytoplasm
Nuclear envelope Boundary that
makes up
nucleus
Chromatin &
chromosomes
Contains the
genetic information
that runs/controls
the cell
Regulates what
enters & leaves the
nucleus
Genetic
Inside nucleus
information that
holds instructions
to make proteins
Sketch; what
this part
looks like
2
Cell part
Nucleolus
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic
reticulum (ER)
Cell part
Sketch; what
Where in the cell
Function; What
this part
is it
JOB It Does For the
looks like
located/found?
Cell
Inside nucleus
Makes ribosomes
Region outside
nucleus & within
cell membrane
Semi-fluid material
surrounding
organelles; some
cellular reactions
occur here
Free floating in
cytoplasm & also
bound to rough
ER
Site where proteins
are made
Rough ER: extending
from nuclear envelope
(in cytoplasm)
Smooth ER: in
cytoplasm; can extend
off of rough ER
Rough ER: modifies
proteins
Smooth ER: make
phospholipids; detoxifies
toxins; stores Calcium in
muscle cells
Sketch; what
Where in the cell
Function; What
this part
is it
JOB It Does For the
3
Golgi apparatus
located/found?
In cytoplasm
Cell
Packages & ships
proteins out of the
cell (within a vesicle
that buds off of
Golgi)
Mitochondria
In cytoplasm
Converts food
energy into
“usable” energy for
the cell
(“powerhouse of
the cell!”)
Peroxisomes
In cytoplasm
Contain enzymes
(catalase) that
convert hydrogen
peroxide into water
& oxygen
Centrosome
In cytoplasm
Where protein
fibers will extend
from in order to
move
chromosomes
around during cell
division
Where in the cell
is it
located/found?
Function; What JOB
It Does For the Cell
Cell part
looks like
Sketch; what
this part
looks like
4
Microtubules &
microfilaments
(Also called:
cytoskeleton)
Mostly within the
cytoplasm; lining
inside of cell
membrane
*can be outside cell
(cilia/flagella)
Cilia & flagella
Outside cell
Serves as “tracks”
for vesicles &
organelles to move
on;
framework/structure
of cell
Help cell move or
move something
else along the
outside of the cell
And animal cells also have:
Cell part
Where in the
cell is it
located/found?
Function; What
JOB It Does For
the Cell
Centrioles
Arrangement of
microtubules located
within the
centrosome
Scientists don’t know
Small vacuoles/
In cytoplasm
Assist in other cellular
processes (ex: moving
things into & out of the
cell)
In cytoplasm
Contains enzymes
which break down “old”
organelles; break
down engulfed
bacteria
*like the “janitor” of
the cell
vesicles
(lots of them)
Lysosomes
(lots of them)
Sketch; what
this part looks
like
And plant cells also have:
Cell part
Where in Function;
the cell is What JOB It
Sketch; what this part
looks like
5
Cell wall
Plasmodesmata
Tonoplast
Central Large
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
it found?
Does For the
Cell
Outside of
cell
membrane
Opening
connecting
2 plant cell
walls
Protect/support
plant cell
Boundary
making up
the large
plant
vacuole
In
cytoplasm
Regulates what
enters & leaves
the plant
vacuole
In
cytoplasm
Convert sunlight
energy into food
energy
Allows material
from 1 plant
cell’s cytoplasm
to be able to
enter into a 2nd
plant cell’s
cytoplasm
Stores materials
needed by the
cell (ex: water,
ions)
IB information to know: Compare the relative sizes of molecules, cell membrane thickness, viruses,
bacteria, organelles and cells with SI units.
-molecules (1nm)
-membrane thickness (10nm)
-viruses (100 nm)
-bacteria (1 μm)
-organelles (up to 10 μm)
-most cells (up to 100 μm)