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Key ideas Chapter 1 page324 1. Identify the primary mechanism for genetic change and differences among organisms? Mutation is a change in the structure or amount of the genetic differences among organisms originate as some kind of genetic mutation. 2. List the kinds of mutations? mutations as change in DNA point mutation A. Insertion or deletion. B. Mutations as changes in results of gene. C. Silent mutation. D. Messene mutation. E. Frameshipft mutation. F. Nonsense mutation. G. More or fewer amino acids. H. Chromosomal mutation. I. Detection. J. Inversion. K. Translocation. L. Gene rearrangement. 3. Relate the possible kinds of mutations to their effects? Because of the way DNA is translated, a mutation can have many possible effects. A small change in DNA may affect just one amino acid in the protein that result from a gene. 4. Relate changes in chromosome number to possible results? in eukaryotic cells, the process of meiosis creates the change of mutations at the chromosomes pair up and may underage crossover, usually ,the result is an equal exchange of alleles between homologues chromosomes. 5. Evaluating and significance compare DNA mutations with chromosomal mutations in terms of the severity of the results of each? DNA and chromosomes are involved in many processes, so there are many kinds of mutation. Changes in a DNA sequence may affect the results of genes much way.