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Transcript
11/12/2012 What ??? the ??? Cell ??? Set 2: Bell Ringer #3 List 5 things made of cells The Cell Theory Cells are the basic units of life All living things are made up of cells. New cells are made from existing cells. This theory applies to : bacteria, multicellular organisms, unicellular organisms, plants, animals – anything living! What the Cell?! Plants Animals Fungi Bacteria Protists 1 11/12/2012 Who Discovered the Cell Theory? 1665 – Robert Hooke • Looked at cork & named cells 1674 – Anton van Leeuwenhoek • Looked at living cells & improved microscope 1838 – Matthias Schleiden • Looked at plants & determined that plants were made of cells 1839 – Theodor Schwann • Looked at animals & determined that animals were made of cells 1855 – Rudolph Virchow • Stated that all cells come from other living cells How Did They See the Cell? They used microscopes! Micro means ________. SMALL A microscope is a tool we use to see small objects. What the Cell?! size & _____ shape of a cell relate to its function. The ____ I am a heart cell! I am a skin cell! I am a prison cell! Cell Specialization – Division of Labor 2 11/12/2012 What the Cell?! All cells have 4 things in common: Surrounded by a barrier = Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Ribosomes At some time, they contain DNA Molecule that carries genetic info What is an Organelle? Internal structure Enclosed in a membrane Thin layer of cover or lining Specific function (job) “Little Organ” Organelles What is a Nucleus? Large structure Enclosed in a membrane Thin layer of cover or lining Contains the cell’s DNA Controls many cell activities Nucleus 3 11/12/2012 Types of Cells Prokaryote Pro = No Eukaryote No nucleus. Genetic material NOT contained in a nucleus Nucleus that contains genetic material Generally smaller & simpler Generally larger & more complex. Have membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria Plants, Animals, Fungi, & Protists Types of Cells Venn Diagram of Cell Types Prokaryotes •No nucleus •Smaller •Simpler •Cell membrane •DNA •Carry out a variety of activities •Cytoplasm •Ribosomes Eukaryotes • Nucleus • Larger • Complex • Membrane-bound organelles 4