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Transcript
Requirements for Flashcards Using a 3x5 card, make a flash card for all terms. Write the word on one side and the definition on the other. When completed, use a rubber band to keep the cards together and turn them in. Make sure your name is on the first card. Cell Vocabulary Cell – The basic unit of all living things. Organelles and their function Organelle – A specialized part of a cell that has a specific function. Found in both animal & plant cell Cell Membrane – The outer portion of a cell. It surrounds the cell and helps keep the contents inside. The membrane also controls what enters or leaves a cell. Cytoplasm – All the material between a cell membrane and the nucleus; it includes the various organelles which help a cell to function. It helps the cell keep its shape. Cytoskeleton – Provides shape and support to the cell. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) – A series of interconnected membrane tubes and channels in the cytoplasm; moves material through the cell. There are two types – Rough ER and Smooth ER: ¬ Rough ER – Transports ribosomes around the cell. ¬ Smooth ER – Stores key products needed by cell (ex. Muscles cells – store calcium required for muscle contractions). Makes products (fats, phospholipids, and steroids) needed by the cell. Golgi Body (Apparatus/Complex) – Stores, packages, and distributes proteins and fats made by the ER. Also manufactures the lysosome. Lysosome – Stores enzymes produced by cell. Digests food in the cell; packages and removes waste from the cell; destroys organelles as they lose their function as well as the cell when it dies (sometimes called the suicide organelle). Mitochondria – Power plant of the cell. Nucleolus – Located in the nucleus; manufactures ribosomes. Nucleus – The control center of a cell. It contains genetic information that regulates how a cell functions. Ribosomes – Makes the proteins needed by the cell. Vacuole – Stores food and waste products; removes waste from the cell; provides support for the cell. Found in just the plant cell Cell Wall – The outermost part of a plant cell. It is found outside of the cell's membrane. It is quite rigid and helps maintain the shape of the plant. Central Vacuole - Contains water, and a place to store wastes that may be harmful to the cell; provides structure and support for the plant cell. Chloroplast – A green structure found inside a plant cell. This structure changes sunlight into a usable form of energy for the plant. Works in conjunction with the mitochondria to produce energy. General Vocabulary Terms Diffusion – The process of matter spreading out evenly from its source. An example of diffusion is when perfume is sprayed and eventually is smelled throughout a room. Organ – The part of an organism that is made up of tissues to perform a specific job. Examples of organs include: skin, heart, lungs, stems, leaves, and roots. Organism – Any living thing. Some may exist as a single cell (unicellular) but most are made of many cells (multicellular) such as plants and animals. Osmosis – A special form of diffusion that occurs in liquids. One liquid spreads evenly within another liquid. Photosynthesis - The plant takes water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and energy from the sun and makes food for the plant; exhales oxygen. System – A group of organs that works together performing a common function. Examples of systems include the skeleton, nervous and vascular (tubes in plants). Tissue – A group of cells that function together to meet a common purpose. Examples include muscle, bone, , and cuticle (the outer covering of a plant).