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TCSS Biology Genetics Content Map Unit Essential Question: What makes organisms unique? GPS Standard(s): SB2. Students will analyze how biological traits are passed on to successive generations. A. Distinguish between DNA and RNA. B. Explain the role of DNA in storing and transmitting cellular information. C. Using Mendel’s laws, explain the role of meiosis in reproductive variability. D. Describe the relationships between changes in DNA and potential appearance of new traits including: -Alternating during replication -Insertions -High energy radiation (x-rays and ultraviolet) -Deletions -Substitutions -Mutagenic factors that can alter DNA -Chemical E. Compare the advantages of sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction in different situations. F. Examine the use of DNA technology in forensics, medicine, and agriculture. Concept 1 Concept 2 Concept 3 Chapter 12.1, 12.2 Chapter 12.3 Chapter 9.1, 9.2, 10.1 GPS: 2B GPS:2A, 2B GPS: 2E, 2C DNA Structure & DNA Replication DNA, RNA, & Protein Synthesis Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction Lesson Essential Question: Lesson Essential Questions: Lesson Essential Questions: What is the basic structure of a DNA molecule? What are the similarities and differences between DNA and RNA? How does the structure of DNA contribute to the transmission of genetic information? How is DNA used to create proteins? Why is DNA replication necessary? Why is RNA essential to protein synthesis? What are the steps in the DNA replication process? What is the Central Dogma of Biology? What controls the rate of cellular reproduction? What are the advantages of asexual reproduction? What are the advantages of sexual reproduction? What are the steps of protein synthesis and where do they take place? Vocabulary 1: Base Pair/Nitrogenous Base, DNA, Nucleotide, Deoxyribose, Phosphate, Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine, Hydrogen Bonds, Semi- Vocabulary 2: Ribose, Uracil, messenger RNA, transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA, Anticodon, Codon, Protein Synthesis, Transcription, Translation, RNA Vocabulary 3: Somatic Cells, Cell Cycle, Daughter Cells, Diploid (2n), Gametes, Haploid (n), Homologous Chromosomes, Interphase, 1 Conservative Replication, Ligase, Helicase, DNA Polymerase, Codon, Chargaff’s Rule Concept 4 Chapter 10.2, 11.1 & 11.2 GPS: 2C Mendelian Genetics Lesson Essential Question: Polymerase, Ribosome, Central Dogma Concept 5 Chapter 11.3, 12.4 GPS: 2D, 2E Mutations (Chromosomal and Point) Lesson Essential Questions: How do Mendel’s Laws explain the role of meiosis in reproductive variability? What problems can result, when there is an abnormal change in DNA? What other patterns contribute to genetic variation? What problems can result when there is a malfunction in DNA transmission? Vocabulary 5: Dominant, Recessive, Genotype, Phenotype, Allele, Gregor Mendel, Homozygous, Heterozygous, Purebred, Hybrid, Monohybrid, Dihybrid, Punnett Square, Gamete, Law of Dominance, Law of Independent Assortment, Law of Segregation, Incomplete Dominance, Codominance, Pedigree, Blood Types, Multiple Allele, Sex Linked Traits Vocabulary 4: Deletion, Insertion, Mutagens, Mutation, Nondisjunction, Replication, Substitution, Trisomy, Point Mutation, Monosomy, Karyotype, Frameshift Meiosis, Mitosis, Cytokinesis, Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase, Anaphase, Chromatid, Chromosome, Crossing Over, Genetic Variability Concept 6 Chapter 13.2, 13.3 GPS: 2F DNA Technology Lesson Essential Question: How is DNA technology used in forensics, medicine, and agriculture? Vocabulary 6: Cloning, Engineering, Gel Electrophoresis, Gene Therapy, Transgenic Organisms, Recombinant DNA, Restriction Enzymes, Genetically Modified Organisms, DNA Fingerprinting, Bioethics, Genome, Polymerase Chain Reaction 2