Download Chapter 5 Section 2

Chapter 5 Section 2
Functions and Interactions of cell
parts.
Cell Types
• Most cells have organelles.
• Cells with an organelle called a _________ are
called ___________________.
– Plant cells, animal cells, protist cells, fungi cells
Cells that do not have a nucleus are ___________.
- bacteria
Contain one type of organelle that synthesizes
proteins. Everything else takes place in the
_____________________.
Eukaryote Cell Organelles
• Most Cells are eukaroytes.
1. Ribosomes – organelle where ____________
are made from amino acids.
-
Composed of ________ and ____________.
Some float freely - ________________________.
These are used in chemical reactions in the
cytoplasm
Found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Most common organelle
Ribosome/Endoplasmic Reticulum
Organelles Continued
2. In eukaryote cells some ribosomes are
attached to another organelle called the
______________________________ or ER.
The ER is a network of interconnected,
flattened, or tube-like structures that end in
blind alleys.
When ribosomes are attached it is called
_____________ due to the bumpy
appearance.
ER
• Proteins made on rough ER enter channels in
the ER and are transported to other parts of
the cell.
• ER without ribosomes is _____________ ER.
• In human liver cells, enzymes located in
membranes of smooth ER break down
harmful substances.
• Other proteins serve as enzymes to produce
_______________.
• Rough and smooth are sometimes connected.
More organelles
3. ______________________
- close to the ER
- flattened, slightly curved sacs
- more disklike and __________ than ER.
Proteins are released from the ER in a _______.
It then fuses with the golgi body and releases
the protein.
Acts as a post office.
Golgi Bodies
Each vesicle contains a
protein with a different
function.
- cell function
-
Interaction of the ER and
Golgi bodies and
ribosomes show how
various cell parts work
together and that the
____________ are
interchangable.
Even more organelles
4. ___________________ - powerhouse of the
cell.
Provides energy needed by the cell.
Breaks down organic materials to release
__________.
The energy is then used to __________ other
molecules that release ___________ needed
for cell _______________.
The more energy needed the more __________
Largest of the organelles.
Double membranes – inner membrane
is highly __________ - more
________________ witch means more
reactions and more _______ released.
Another organnelle
5. __________________
- control area of eukaryote cells “brain”
- double membrane
- inside is a dense material called __________
-composed of individual chromosomes
- contain ___________, ______________
The DNA in the nucleus controls all activity in
the cell.
More about the nucleus
• The DNA codes the RNA and the RNA can then
move into the cytoplasm to act as a
___________________.
• The RNA and other proteins use ________ and
other transport proteins to move in and out of
the nucleus.
• DNA must be copied before the cell
reproduces.
Nucleus
Inside the nucleus
• One or more prominent
bodies are visible in the
nuclei. These are called
_______________.
• Made of chromosome parts
that consist of multiple
copies of DNA that codes for
the RNA present in
ribosomes
• Needed to make the
ribosomes each new cell
needs.
Still more organelles
6. Plastids
-some _________ and
___________
- some store lipids and
starches
- some contain pigment
- most common is the
___________________
- contains
___________________
And more……..
7. Lysosomes
- vesicles formed from
_____________________
- contain digestive enzymes
- mostly in animal or animal – like
cells
- what would happen if one breaks
open?
And………
8. Vacuoles
- storage, ___________ filled
9. Cytoskeleton
- long thin structures that give __________
and _________ to the cell
- framework
One structure of the cytoskeleton is a
____________. Actin and myosin, movement
Guess what now……
10. Microtubules
- road way for certain
organelles, vesicles and
mitochondria
11. Centrioles –
reproduction
12. Cilia and Flagella
- motion
- flexible projections
that extend outward
from the cell