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Organelles Study Guide
Organelle
Name
Function
Macromolecule
It Makes/Uses
Per.
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Plant Animal
1. cell wall
2. centrioles
3. chloroplast
4. cytoplasm
5. cytoskeleton
6. endoplasmic
reticulum
7. Golgi
apparatus
8. lysosome
9. mitochondria
10. nucleus
11. plasma
membrane
12. ribosome
13. vacuole
14. vesicle
15. Cell Theory:
a.
b.
c.
16. a. ___________________________ first coined the term “cell” from his observations of ___________ cells.
17. In a microscope, the a. ______________________ makes the image sharper and the b. _________________
makes the image larger.
18. The smaller a cell is, the more a. _________________ it is in order to import materials such as b. ________
____________________________ into the cell and to export c. _______________________ out of the cell.
19. The DNA of prokaryotic cells is a. ______________ in shape. It is found in the region known as the
b. ____________________. Prokaryotes also contain extra pieces of DNA called c. _________________.
The organisms that are made of prokaryotic cells are a. ______________. Unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotic
cells lack b. ___________________________.
20. The DNA of eukaryotic cells is a. _________________ in shape. It is found in the b. _________________.
The organisms that are made of eukaryotic cells are
.
21. Unicellular organisms make new cells in order to
.
22. Multicellular organisms make new cells in order to
.
Fill in the blanks for these Cell Processes. Use all the words in the bank below to complete the diagram.
amino acids
cell respiration
mitochondria
ribosome
ammonia (NH4)
fatty acids
oxygen (O2)
steroids/lipid secretions
carbon dioxide (CO2)
glucose
protein secretions
structures/traits
cell membrane
long-term energy storage protein synthesis
water
1.
A. process:
2.
6.
organelle:
ATP
7.
B. process:
3.
organelle:
8.
4.
9.
chemical reactions
5.
Cell
Pathway of a Protein. Use all the words in the bank below to complete the sentences. Some are repeated.
amino acids x 2
DNA
membrane x 2
ribosomes
secretion
cell membrane x 2
endoplasmic reticulum x 2
nucleus x 2
RNA
vesicle x 2
cytoplasm
Golgi apparatus
polymer
1. __________ enter the cell through the ___________ and travel toward the ________ via the ____________.
2. Inside the _________ is the blueprint of an organism’s structures called _____. Since it cannot leave that
organelle, a copy of the instructions called ______ is made and exits into the ________________________.
3. The instructions are delivered to the ____________, whose job is to use
to build a protein.
4. Since a protein is a ____________ and is too large to fit through the cell’s ____________, it first travels
through the ____________________ to the __________________ in order to be packaged up into a
___________, which transports it toward the cell’s ____________.
5. In order to move the protein out, the ___________ fuses with the ________________ and releases the
protein out of the cell in the form of a ____________.
6. a. What happens to the proteins that do not leave the cell? b. the ones that leave the cell?
a.
b.
7. Pathway of Glucose. Use these terms to describe the pathway of glucose from entering a cell to its
destination: ATP, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria.
8. How do chloroplasts and mitochondria work together to process glucose? Use these terms in your
explanation: ATP, chloroplast, cytoplasm, glucose, mitochondria