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UNIT 2 REVIEW
Life Science Unit 2 Lesson 13 Review
Unit 2 Lesson 14 Unit Assessment
Attendance Link: http://goo.gl/forms/2XYwuolx2W
OBJECTIVES
• Explain the fundamental relationship between DNA, RNA, and
proteins.
• Identify the cell as the basic unit of structure and function in all
living things.
• Describe how chemical functions of organisms start and are
carried out within a cell and how material moves in and out of
the cell.
• Explain the structure and function of the parts of a cell.
• Compare and contrast plant and animal cells.
• Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
• Describe the purpose and process of cell division.
A SCIENTIST FINDS AN UNUSUAL LIVING THING AND DECIDES
TO STUDY IT.
WHICH OBSERVATION INDICATES THAT THE LIVING THING IS
AMONG THE SMALLEST TYPES OF LIVING THINGS?
A. It is muliticellular
B. If does not have a nucleus
C. It possesses a hard outer shell
D. It possesses a membrane-
bound nucleus.
A SCIENTIST FINDS AN UNUSUAL LIVING THING AND DECIDES
TO STUDY IT.
WHICH OBSERVATION INDICATES THAT THE LIVING THING IS
AMONG THE SMALLEST TYPES OF LIVING THINGS?
A. It is muliticellular
B. If does not have a nucleus
C. It possesses a hard outer shell
D. It possesses a membrane-
bound nucleus.
• Answer
– B
– Prokaryotic cells are smaller then
even one celled eukaryotic cells.
So if they observed a living thing
that was among the smallest of
the living, they might be viewing
a bacteria cell.
– Which option is talking only about
bacteria?
– A and D both talk about
eukaryotic cells.
– C can be either prokaryotic or
eukaryotic cell.
WHICH FEATURE IS FOUND IN BOTH PROKARYOTIC
AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS?
A. Lysosome
B. Nucleus
C. Nucleoid
D. Cytoplasm
WHICH FEATURE IS FOUND IN BOTH PROKARYOTIC
AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS?
A. Lysosome
B. Nucleus
C. Nucleoid
D. Cytoplasm
• Answer
– D
– Lysosomes & nuclei are only in
eukaryotic cells.
– Nucleoid is only in prokaryotic
cells.
– Cytoplasm is the only thing the
have in common.
WHICH TWO CELLULAR STRUCTURES PROVIDE
PROTECTION TO THE CELL?
A. nuclear membrane and
vacuole
B. cellular membrane and
vacuole
C. cellular membrane and cell
wall
D. ribosomes and nuclear
membrane
WHICH TWO CELLULAR STRUCTURES PROVIDE
PROTECTION TO THE CELL?
A. nuclear membrane and
vacuole
B. cellular membrane and
vacuole
C. cellular membrane and cell
wall
D. ribosomes and nuclear
membrane
• Answer
– C
– The key here is protection. Which
–
–
–
–
organelle(s) is use to protect the cell?
The nuclear membrane protects the
nucleus only.
The vacuole is storage, not protection.
Ribosomes help make proteins.
So the only ones listed that are used in
the protection of the cell are the cellular
(plasma) membrane and the cell wall.
WHICH TWO FEATURES INDICATE THAT A CELL
IS A PLANT CELL AND NOT AN ANIMAL CELL?
A. cell membrane, large size
B. central vacuole,
mitochondria
C. chloroplasts, cell wall
D. ribosomes, green color
CODE WORD:
Awesome
WHICH TWO FEATURES INDICATE THAT A CELL
IS A PLANT CELL AND NOT AN ANIMAL CELL?
A. cell membrane, large size
B. central vacuole,
mitochondria
C. chloroplasts, cell wall
D. ribosomes, green color
• Answer
– C
– Think about what you can find in a leaf
–
–
–
–
cell vs a cell from your body.
Both would have a cell membrane and
some of your cell are smaller then a leaf
cell.
Both plants and animals have
mitochondria as organelles.
The both have ribosomes to help them
make proteins.
However, your body does not have a
cell wall or chloroplasts.
WHICH STRUCTURES ARE COMMON TO BOTH
PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS?
A. a nucleoid and a cell
membrane
B. lysosome and genetic
material
C. a nucleus and a cell wall
D. ribosomes and mitochondria
WHICH STRUCTURES ARE COMMON TO BOTH
PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS?
A. a nucleoid and a cell
membrane
B. lysosome and genetic
material
C. a nucleus and a cell wall
D. ribosomes and mitochondria
• Answer
– D
– Nucleoids are only in prokaryotic
cells. Both plant and animal cells
are eukaryotic.
– Lysosomes are only found in
animal cells not in plants.
– Cell walls are only in plants.
– Both plants and animals have
ribosomes and mitochondria.
WHICH ORGANELLES ARE FOUND IN BOTH
PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS?
A. lysosomes and cell membrane
B. cell membrane and vacuole
C. Ribosomes and mitochondria
D. cytoplasm and cell wall
WHICH ORGANELLES ARE FOUND IN BOTH
PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS?
A. lysosomes and cell membrane
B. cell membrane and vacuole
C. Ribosomes and mitochondria
• Answer
– C
– They both do have a cell membrane,
D. cytoplasm and cell wall
–
–
–
–
however cell membrane is not paired with
another organelle that can be found in
both.
Lysosomes are only animal
Vacuoles are only plants
They both have cytoplasm but only plants
have a cell wall.
They both, however, have ribosomes and
mitochondria.
WHICH PHRASE DESCRIBES THE FUNCTION OF
RIBOSOMES?
A. Break down materials for the cell
B. Are used for motility
C. Assists in forming proteins
D. Are used to control the cell’s
water content.
WHICH PHRASE DESCRIBES THE FUNCTION OF
RIBOSOMES?
A. Break down materials for the cell
B. Are used for motility
C. Assists in forming proteins
D. Are used to control the cell’s
water content.
• Answer
– C
– When we talk about breaking anything
down in the cell think about the
lysosomes.
– When talking about motility (movement)
think about the cilia and flagella.
– When you see anything about control of
water content think about the vacuole in
plant cells.
– Ribosomes are used to read the mRNA
and helps make chains of polypeptides
that are used to make proteins.
WHICH PHRASE BEST DESCRIBES THE FUNCTION
OF CILIA?
A. Allow the cell to be motile
B. Assist with protein
production
C. Allow the cell to use energy
D. Assist with cellular respiration
WHICH PHRASE BEST DESCRIBES THE FUNCTION
OF CILIA?
A. Allow the cell to be motile
B. Assist with protein
production
C. Allow the cell to use energy
D. Assist with cellular respiration
• Answer
– A
– Remember that any thing with protein
production is going to have a ribosome
– When you see cellular respiration or
energy think about the powerhouse of
the cell.
• Mitochondria
– Remember that the cilia are the hair like
organelles that are on the outside of
some cells to help them move.
WHICH IS A MAJOR FUNCTION OF DIFFUSION
IN CELLS?
A. to produce proteins
B. to carry out mitosis
C. to convert food into energy
D. to get rid of waste material
WHICH IS A MAJOR FUNCTION OF DIFFUSION
IN CELLS?
A. to produce proteins
B. to carry out mitosis
C. to convert food into energy
D. to get rid of waste material
• Answer
– D
– Remember that diffusion is the
movement of molecules in and
out of the cell.
– So it does not help with protein
production, it does not carry out
mitosis, or does it help with energy
conversion of food.
WHICH PHRASE BEST DESCRIBES OSMOSIS?
A. the process where DNA is
created
B. the movement of molecules
through the cell membrane
C. the division process of the
cell's cytoplasm
D. the movement of water
molecules from an area of
high concentration to an
area of low concentration
WHICH PHRASE BEST DESCRIBES OSMOSIS?
A. the process where DNA is
created
B. the movement of molecules
through the cell membrane
C. the division process of the
cell's cytoplasm
D. the movement of water
molecules from an area of
high concentration to an
area of low concentration
• Answer
– D
– Osmosis is a subgroup to diffusion.
– So it too has to do with the movement of
molecules.
– However, they differ because osmosis is
just water moving between a semipermeable membrane.
– Remember the concentrations on both
sides of the semi-permeable membrane
want to be the same. Water moves until
this happens.
A scientist is studying a unicellular organism. The organism normally
looks like image A. Then the scientist places the cell in two different
solutions. In the first solution, the cell changes to look like image B. In
the second solution, it changes to look like image C.
Which statement describes the solution and process that would
cause a cell to look like the cell labeled B?
A. Too much sugar water moved out of the cell.
B. Too much water moved into the cell.
C. Too much saline moved into the cell.
D. Too much water moved out of the cell.
A scientist is studying a unicellular organism. The organism normally looks like image A. Then the
scientist places the cell in two different solutions. In the first solution, the cell changes to look like
image B. In the second solution, it changes to look like image C.
Which statement describes the solution and process that would cause a cell to look like the
cell labeled B?
A. Too much sugar water moved out of the cell.
B. Too much water moved into the cell.
C. Too much saline moved into the cell.
D. Too much water moved out of the cell.
• Answer
• B
• Think about plant cells and how they look when you don’t water them
and when you water them to much. What happens if you don’t water
them? The water leaves the cell to areas they need it.
• So if the cell starts off looking like A then becomes B, what moved into
the cell? Water, remember we are talking about osmosis.
• So water goes in and the cell swells.
THE SMALL CIRCLES REPRESENT MOLECULES OF OXYGEN.
WHICH BEST DESCRIBES HOW THE OXYGEN MOLECULES WILL
MOVE DURING DIFFUSION?
A. Oxygen will diffuse from an area of higher concentration
(outside the cell) to an area of lower concentration
(inside the cell).
B. Oxygen will diffuse from an area of lower concentration
(outside the cell) to an area of higher concentration
(inside the cell).
C. Oxygen will diffuse from an area of lower concentration
(inside the cell) to an area of higher concentration
(outside the cell).
D. Oxygen will diffuse from an area of higher concentration
(inside the cell) to an area of lower concentration
(outside the cell).
THE SMALL CIRCLES REPRESENT MOLECULES OF OXYGEN. WHICH BEST DESCRIBES HOW
THE OXYGEN MOLECULES WILL MOVE DURING DIFFUSION?
A. Oxygen will diffuse from an area of higher concentration (outside the
cell) to an area of lower concentration (inside the cell).
B.
Oxygen will diffuse from an area of lower concentration (outside the
cell) to an area of higher concentration (inside the cell).
C. Oxygen will diffuse from an area of lower concentration (inside the
cell) to an area of higher concentration (outside the cell).
D. Oxygen will diffuse from an area of higher concentration (inside the
cell) to an area of lower concentration (outside the cell).
First count the number on the inside of the cell vs the outside. This will help
you see which area has more oxygen (therefore having a higher
concentration) and which one is the lower concentration.
Then see if there are any options that you can delete because they don’t
match up with the drawing.
A & C both say that outside has the higher concentration. So out of B and D
which one as the Oxygen diffusing correctly? They always move from higher
to lower concentration.
WHICH STATEMENT BEST DESCRIBES THE ROLE
OF DNA IN RELATION TO RNA AND PROTEINS?
A. DNA is made from RNA, which is
created from proteins.
B. Proteins are made from RNA,
which is created from DNA.
C. RNA is made from DNA, which is
created from proteins.
D. Proteins are made from DNA,
which is created from RNA.
WHICH STATEMENT BEST DESCRIBES THE ROLE
OF DNA IN RELATION TO RNA AND PROTEINS?
A. DNA is made from RNA, which is
created from proteins.
B. Proteins are made from RNA,
which is created from DNA.
C. RNA is made from DNA, which is
created from proteins.
D. Proteins are made from DNA,
which is created from RNA.
• Answer
– B
– Remember the steps to go from
the base information to a protein.
– The DNA is read and mRNA is
made from that.
– Then the mRNA is read and the
protein is made.
– So only B is in the right order.
WHICH PHRASE BEST DESCRIBES DNA?
A. the structure that sends
signals to other parts of the
cell
B. the molecule that contains
all the instructions for life
C. the molecule that is formed
by the action of RNA
D. the structure directly
responsible for controlling
osmosis
WHICH PHRASE BEST DESCRIBES DNA?
A. the structure that sends
signals to other parts of the
cell
B. the molecule that contains
all the instructions for life
C. the molecule that is formed
by the action of RNA
D. the structure directly
responsible for controlling
osmosis
• Answer
– B
– Remember osmosis is not
controlled it just happens
depending on the concentration
levels.
– RNA makes proteins not DNA.
– DNA is the instruction or code for
life.
WHICH PHRASE BEST DESCRIBES CELLULAR
RESPIRATION?
A. the process where energy
from food is used by the cell
B. the process where water
molecules move across a
membrane
C. the process by which the
cytoplasm physically divides
D. the process where
molecules' movements
balance out their distribution
WHICH PHRASE BEST DESCRIBES CELLULAR
RESPIRATION?
A. the process where energy
from food is used by the cell
B. the process where water
molecules move across a
membrane
• Answer
– A
– Remember the cellular respiration
C. the process by which the
cytoplasm physically divides
–
D. the process where
molecules' movements
balance out their distribution
–
–
–
is the opposite of photosynthesis
and takes place in the
mitochondria.
So it takes the energy we get
from food (glucose) and make it
into energy that the cell can use.
B is talking about osmosis.
C is talking about cytokinesis.
D is talking about diffusion.
WHICH IS ONE PURPOSE OF CELL DIVISION?
A. to create proteins
B. to expend energy
C. to find food
D. to help the organism grow
WHICH IS ONE PURPOSE OF CELL DIVISION?
A. to create proteins
B. to expend energy
• Answer
– D
C. to find food
– Cell division is mitosis.
D. to help the organism grow
– So why do cell undergo mitosis?
• To help the organism to grow
– Creating proteins is linked with RNA.
– Finding food and expending energy has
nothing to do with cell division.
– Remember our cells like to do whatever
takes the least amount of energy.
THIS ILLUSTRATION DRAWN BY A SCIENTIST IS BASED ON
OBSERVATIONS OF A CELL UNDER A MICROSCOPE. WHICH
STATEMENT BEST DESCRIBES THE METAPHASE OF MITOSIS?
A. In this stage, the chromosomes separate and move apart.
B. In this stage, the chromosomes arrange themselves in a plane
across the cell's center.
C. Spindle fibers begin to form in this stage.
D. The chromosomes are on opposite sides of the cell and are part of
new nuclei in this stage.
THIS ILLUSTRATION DRAWN BY A SCIENTIST IS BASED ON OBSERVATIONS OF A CELL UNDER A
MICROSCOPE. WHICH STATEMENT BEST DESCRIBES THE METAPHASE OF MITOSIS?
A.
In this stage, the chromosomes separate and move apart.
B.
In this stage, the chromosomes arrange themselves in a plane across the cell's center.
C.
Spindle fibers begin to form in this stage.
D.
The chromosomes are on opposite sides of the cell and are part of new nuclei in this stage.
With this one you have to have an understanding of what each stage of mitosis
looks like. A is talking about anaphase. C is part of prophase. D is talking about
telophase. Remember that metaphase is when the pairs of chromosomes line up
at the center line of the cell.
QUESTIONS?
• Make sure you have your
Study Island pathways
completed.
• Make sure that you have all
lessons mastered in this unit.
• We will start Unit 3 on
Monday.
• You have a lesson check
point to view tomorrow.