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TO: endoplasmic reticulum nucleus protein on its way! DNA RNA TO: vesicle TO: TO: vesicle TO: ribosomes finished protein protein Golgi apparatus Making Proteins RNA - Review RNA is single stranded. Instead of T it has U. (A,U,G,C) 3 kinds of RNA: mRNA (messenger RNA) Ribosomal RNA tRNA (transfer RNA) Where does transcription take place? Transcription Proteins attach to the DNA and unzip it. Other proteins transcribe a strand of DNA and make a messenger RNA (mRNA) The mRNA is single stranded. The mRNA uses U instead of T. (A,U,G,C) The DNA zips back together. Where does this take place? Where is the DNA? The nucleus. How does the mRNA get out of the nucleus? The pore. Nucleus Where does it go to next? To the Ribosome! The ribosome is made of protein and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All cells need proteins, DNA, and ribosomes. Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes have ribosomes. Translation Where does translation take place? Endoplasmic Reticulum – Modifies Proteins The ribosome can be free or attached to the ER. The finished protein can either be modified or not. It slides on the mRNA and makes a protein. Translation Transfer RNA (tRNA) is RNA with an amino acid attached to it. amino acid amino acid Anti-codon Translation A codon is a 3 letter code. The tRNA’s anti-codon lines up with the mRNA’s codon with help from the ribosome. anti codon codon mRNA Protein Synthesis Videos Transcription – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= WsofH466lqk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= SMtWvDbfHLo&feature=relmfu Translation – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= 5bLEDd-PSTQ&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= TfYf_rPWUdY&feature=relmfu Lets Do Transcription. DNA to mRNA T A C C G C G A T A C T C mRNA to Amino Acid Sequence A U G G C G C U A U G A G Lets Do Translation. Practice Makes Perfect