Download 2013 DNA, Repl, Trans and Transl Review

Nucleic Acids, Protein Synthesis, & DNA Study Guide
Name:_________________________________________ Per:_____
1. What are the subunits called that make up DNA?
2. What three things make up a nucleotide?
3. Describe the structure of DNA.
4. An organism's characteristics and directions for proteins synthesis are coded for by molecules of __________.
5. What are the monomers of proteins? How many of these monomers are there? What is the name of the bond that holds these monomers together?
6. What 3 things are found on RNA, but are not found on DNA molecules?
7. What do tRNA anticodons match during translation?
8. What is a codon & where are they found?
9. Where do you find rRNA?
10. What organelle is made of rRNA? Where is this organelle synthesized, organelle?
11. What bases pair with each other on: a) DNA? b) RNA?
12. Name the 3 types of RNA & tell the function of each.
13. What is the function of DNA helicrase?
14. If the code on DNA is TTAGCCTGA, what will be the code on the complementary section of DNA when it's copied during replication?
15. Where does mRNA go, organelle, for proteins to be made in a cell?
16. What is transcription?
17. What is translation?
18. Which RNA carries instructions for making proteins thru the nuclear pores to the cytoplasm?
19. What is the function of RNA polymerases?
20. If the mRNA codons are ACU,CGA,CCC,GGG,UUA what are the tRNA anticodons for that sequence? What would the DNA sequence be for that same strand of
mRNA?
21.Who make the first 3-D model of the structure of DNA?
22. What is DNA replication?
23. Why does DNA replication occur?
24. How many chromosomes in a typical human skin cell?
25. How many chromosomes in a typical human egg or sperm cell?
26. Once the DNA unzips, what aligns with the exposed nitrogen bases to complete the transcription process?
27. What is a mutation?
28. Define point mutation
29. Explain a Gene Mutation.
30. Explain a Chromosomal Mutation
31. Explain each of these types of mutation: deletion, duplication, translocation and inversion
32. Usually, how many amino acids does a substitution mutation effect?
33. What was Fredrich Grifith’s contribution to DNA research?
34. What did Oswald Avery contribute to DNA research?
35. What did Hershey and Chase contribute to DNA research?
36. What did Watson & Crick contribute to the DNA research?
37. What did Rosalind Franklin contribute to DNA research?
38. Using the chart above fill in the following chart:
DNA
|
AGA
|
|
Amino Acid
|
|
|
|
|
|
TRYPTOPHAN |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mRNA
AGU
|
|
tRNA
CGU