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Transcript
The Virtual Cell Worksheet From http://www.ibiblio.org/virtualcell/ modified by ccampbell2006rhs 1. Centrioles occur in pairs in __________________ cells. They function in cell _____________________. They are composed of ________________________. Draw a picture of a pair of centrioles in the box. Centriole 2. Lysosomes contain ___________________enzymes. These organelles fuse with vacuoles to digest _____________________. They help protect you by __________________ the bacteria that your white blood cells engulf. _______________ act as a clean up crew for the cell. Draw a lysosome. Lysosomes 3. Chloroplasts are the site of ______________________(the process in which plants use sunlight energy to make food). They are surrounded by ______membranes. Inside, there are stacks of disk-like structures are called the ______________. Each disk is composed of _____________ membranes. Draw a picture that includes an internal view. Chloroplasts 4. Mitochondrion is the _______________________ of the cell. It is the site of _______________________. It also has ____ membranes. The inner membrane is where most ___________________ occurs. The inner membrane is __________ with a very large surface area. These ruffles are called ___________. Mitochondria have their own ________ and manufacture some of their own _______________. Draw a picture of the mitochondrion. Mitochondrion 5. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is a series of double membranes that cross back and forth between the cell membrane and the ____________. The ER is basically a large ___________________. The rough E.R. has __________________________ attached to it. This gives it a rough texture. These Ribosomes manufacture _______________________ for the cell. Draw the rough ER with a ribosome. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) 6. Smooth E.R. ____________ ribosomes. It acts as a _________________ throughout the cytoplasm. It also runs from the _____________________ to the nucleus and throughout the rest of the cell. It also produces ___________________ for the cell. Draw a picture of the smooth ER. Smooth ER 7. Cell Membrane performs a number of critical functions for the ________. It regulates all that _____________ and leaves the cell. The plasma membrane is _________________________ (Which means not everything can pass through). In multicellular organisms it allows cells to ________________ each other. Draw a close-up of the cell membrane with transport proteins. Cell Membrane 8. Nucleus is called the ______________________ of the cell. It _________________ all cell activity. The nucleus is surrounded by the ____________________. The thick ropy strands inside the nucleus are the _____________________________. The large solid spot is the _____________________. The nucleolus is a spot of active chromatin where ____________________ are being produced. The chromatin and _______________ are the same material. It is a __________________ of DNA and histone proteins. It stores the information needed for the manufacture of __________________. Draw a picture of the nucleus with chromatin and one nucleolus. Nucleus 9. Golgi Body is responsible for the modification and packaging of ______________________ for the cell. Once the proteins are produced by the ______________ E.R., they pass into the _______________ like cisternae that are the main part of the Golgi body. These proteins are then squeezed off into the little _________________ which drift off into the cytoplasm. Draw a picture of the Golgi Body as it is squeezing off the vesicles. Golgi Body Cell Wall 10. The Cell Wall provides _________________________________ for the cell. Plant cell walls are composed of ___________________ while those of ____________________ have chitin. Draw a cell wall with an associated cell membrane. 11. A Vacoule serves as a _______________________ area for the cell. These organelles are surrounded by a __________________________. Vacuoles can store _________________, ____________________, or _____________. Draw a vacuole. Vacoule 12. The Cytoskeleton is composed of _______________________ & ______________________. These structures provide ________________ for the cell and help __________________________ move around. Draw a cross section of both a microtubule and a microfilament. 13. Cilia and Flagella are used by unicellular organisms for _________________________________. The longer of these two are known as __________________ whereas the cilia are ________________. Multicellular organisms also have cilia for the purpose of _______________ materials. Draw both a cilium and a flagellum. 14. The Cytoplasm is not an organelle. It is composed mostly of ________________________. It is not, however, a thin liquid but rather has a _______________________ consistency. There is no need to draw cytoplasm. Cytoskeleton Cilia and Flagella