Download CELL WALL CELL MEMBRANE CYTOSKELETON NUCLEUS

1/11/2017
CELL WALL
• In Plants (not animals)
• Outermost layer
• Made of cellulose (type of sugar) and gives the cell
strength
CELL MEMBRANE
CYTOSKELETON
• Inside cell wall (for plants)
• Outermost layer (for animals)
• Two layer phospholipid
• Phospho
(end that contains phosphorous)
hydrophilic: water –loving
• Lipid
hydrophobic: water fearing
• Selectively permeable:
• Controls what goes in and out of the cell
• Inside cytoplasm
NUCLEUS
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
• In cytoplasm
• Holds DNA
• Cookbook with recipes for
making proteins
• Proteins control chemical
reactions
• Sends out one recipe at a time
• Acts as skeleton
• Keeps cell membrane from collapsing
• Acts as muscles
• Helps some cells move
• In cytoplasm: connected to the nucleus
• The “factory” of the cell
• Makes proteins, lipids and other materials
• Rough ER (with ribosomes) or Smooth ER (no
ribosomes)
• When new cells are made, all of
the DNA in a cell must be
copied
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1/11/2017
RIBOSOMES
MITOCHONDRIA
• In cytoplasm
• In cytoplasm
• Reads “recipe” of DNA
• The “power plant” of the cell
• Puts together amino acids to make proteins
• Converts energy from Sugar into ATP
• NOT covered by a membrane
• Also in prokaryotes
• Not an organelle
• ATP is how cells store energy
CHLOROPLASTS
GOLGI COMPLEX
• In cytoplasm of plants
• In cytoplasm
• The “UPS distribution
center” of the cell
• Packages and distributes
proteins
• Site of photosynthesis
• Is green because of chlorophyll (pigment that traps
light energy)
• Makes glucose (result of photosynthesis)
VESICLE
• In cytoplasm
• The “UPS truck” of the cell
• Formed when a membrane surrounds material
• Vesicles can move material into a cell, out of a cell
and throughout the cell
LYSOSOMES
VACUOLE
• In cytoplasm
• In cytoplasm (more common in plants)
• Special type of vesicle that contain enzymes
• Plants:
• Large central vacuole stores water
• Can wilt when it loses water
• May act like lysosome (digestion)
• Digest and destroy waste and foreign invaders
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