Download Biology Test Chapters 13 Name and Honor Code: 1. The insertion of

Biology Test Chapters 13
Name and Honor Code:__________________________________________
1. The insertion of normal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders/diseases is
known as:
a. linkage map
b. gene therapy
c. plasmid
d. transgenic organisms
2. The means by which DNA from another species can be carried into the host cell is called:
a. clone
b. test cross
c. karyotype
d. vector
3. The mating between closely related individuals is known as:
a. inbreeding
b. cloning
c. genetic engineering
d.plasmid
4. A cross of an individual of unknown genotype with an individual of known genotype is a:
a. test cross
b. vector
c. gene therapy
d. genetic engineering
5. Organisms that are genetically engineered by inserting a gene from another organism are
known as:
a. clones
b. autosomes
c. vectors
d. transgenic organisms
6. The process by which desired traits of certain plants & animals are selected and passed on
to their future generations:
a. karyotype
b. selective breeding c. human genome
d. gene therapy
7. Bacterial proteins that have the ability to cut both strands of the DNA molecule at a
specific nucleotide sequence are:
a. vector
b.plasmid
c. restriction enzymes
d. gene therapy
8. This contains approximately 35,000-40,000 genes on the 46 human chromosomes.
a. clone
b. genetic engineering
c. vector
d. human genome
9. When fragments of DNA from different sources are connected or recombined, it is
referred to as:
a. recombinant DNA b. autosome
c. gene therapy
d. vector
10. A small ring of DNA found in a bacterial cell is called:
a. karyotype
b. codominance
c. gene
d. plasmid
11. Technology that involves manipulating the DNA of 1 organism in order to insert exogenous
(foreign DNA):
a. plasmids
b. vectors
c. genetic engineering
d. alleles
12. The total DNA present in the nucleus of each cell:
a. restriction enzyme
b. genome
c. recombinant DNA
d. plasmid
13. A small amount of DNA obtained from a mummy or from frozen remains of a human may
be cloned. In order to clone small amounts of DNA, _____ needs to be used to generate
larger quantities of the DNA.
a. polymerase chain reaction techniques/PCR
b. gel electrophoresis
c. DNA fingerprinting
d. gene splicing
14. In 1974, Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer inserted a gene from an African clawed frog
into a bacterium. The bacterium produced the protein coded for by the inserted frog gene.
The bacterium containing functional frog DNA would be classified as a _____.
a. clone
c.
plasmid
b. DNA fingerprint
d.
transgenic organism
15. In 1974, Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer inserted a gene from an African clawed frog
into a bacterium. The bacterium produced the protein coded for by the inserted frog gene.
This insertion of a small fragment of frog DNA into the DNA of another species can most
accurately be called _____.
a. cloning
b. genetic engineering
c.
d.
electrophoresis
gene therapy
16. The enzyme that joins the DNA fragments together is:
a. DNA ligase
b. DNA polymerase c. RNA synthase
d. lipase
17. The process used to separate DNA segments of different lengths is _____.
a. PCR
c.
gene amplification
b. gel electrophoresis
d.
all of these
18. The Human Genome Project has involved sequencing and mapping the human genome. The
most important benefit of this information has been the diagnosis of genetic disorders. Once a
genetic disorder is diagnosed, ______ can be used as a possible treatment.
a. cell cultures b. gene therapy c. DNA fingerprinting
d. PCR
19. The process in which the bacterial cells take up the recombinant plasmid DNA:
a. transcription b. replication
c. translation
d. transformation
20. Tiny microslides/silicon chips that are spotted with DNA fragments are:
a. DNA microarrays
b. DNA fingerprinting
c. gene therapy
d. PCR
21. The large-scale study & cataloging of the structure & function of proteins in the human
body:
a. halotypes
b. proteomics
c. genomics
d. gene therapy
22. Separating DNA fragments using gel electrophoresis in order to observe the distinct
banding patterns that are unique to every individual:
a. gene therapy
b. PCR
c. DNA fingerprinting
d. transformation
23. The field of study involving creating & maintaining databases of biological informationi:
a. genetics
b. genomics
c. bioinformatics
d. proteomics
24. Regions of linked variations in the human genome:
a. haplotypes
b. PCR
c. inbreeding
d. test cross
25. The study of how genetic inheritance affects the body’s response to drugs:
a. proteomics
b. genomics
c. bioinformatics
d. pharmacogenomics
26. Variations in the DNA sequence that occur when a single nucleotide in the genome is
altered:
a. gene therapy b. plasmid
c. test cross d. single nucleotide polymorphism
27. The study of an organism’s genome:
a. genetics
b. proteomics
c. genomics
d. pharmacogenomics
28. Making copies of the recombinant plasmid DNA during bacterial cell replication is:
a. PCR
b. cloning
c. DNA fingerprinting
d. transformation
29. For what purposes can DNA fingerprinting be used?
a. to sequence DNA from bacteria
b. to separate DNA fragments
c. to identify SNPs
d.to identify individuals who commit crimes
30. According to the figure above, which are the parents of the child?
a.
A
c.
C
b.
B
d.
D
31-II If we used a sibling to identify the child in 21 what would the DNA banding pattern of
the sibling look like?
32. Farmer Brown notices that a certain group of beef cows is healthier and weighs more than
the rest of his herd. How would Farmer Brown develop his herd so that the majority of cows
were healthier and bigger?
a. plasmid
b. PCR
c. selective breeding
d. test cross
Use the guide below for the following questions.
A. EcoRI
G A A T T C
C T T A A G
C.
BamHI
G G A T C C
C C T A G G
B. HindIII
A A G C T T
T T C G A A
D.
KpnI
G G T A C C
C C A T G G
33. Which restriction enzyme will cut the following sequence?
AAA TGG GCT TGG TAC CTT ATA
TTT ACC CGA ACC ATG GAA TAT
34. Which restriction enzyme will cut the following sequence?
TCC ACA GGG TGG ATC CAA ACC
AGG TGT CCC ACC TAG GTT TGG
35. Which restriction enzyme will cut the following sequence?
CCC TCT AAG CTT AAC TTT CCG AAA
GGG AGA TTC GAA TTG AAA GGC TTT
36. Which restriction enzyme will cut the following sequence?
ATA CGC GAA TTC AAA GCG TAT GGG
TAT GCG CTT AAG TTT CGC ATA CCC
37. What is the genotype of the unknown rabbit in the figure above?
a. homozygous long ears
b. homozygous short ears
c. heterozygous
d. recessive
38. What would be the result of the test cross in the figure above if the unknown genotype
were homozygous dominant for long ears?
a. 1/2 of the offspring would have long ears
b. all of the offspring would have long ears
c. all of the offspring would have short ears
d. 1/4 of the offspring would have short ears
39. Your pet guinea pig has black hair which is dominant. You have a second guinea pig that
has white hair which is recessive. You want to breed the guinea pigs but you want all the
offspring to have black hair.
a. What are the possible genotypes of your black guinea pig?
b. Explain how you would determine the genotype of your black guinea pig?
40. Give two reasons the Human Genome Project is important?
41. What would happen if you hooked the positive current to the sample well end of the gel in
gel electrophoresis?
42. Explain how the goal of genetic engineering and selective breeding are the same. Why
does selective breeding take a long time?
43. Use the completed gel electrophoresis to answer the questions below.
DNA SAMPLE
Victim
Suspect #1
Suspect#2
a. Who was at the crime scene?
b. Based on the gel electrophoresis banding pattern explain how a suspected is excluded.
44. Explain why restriction enzymes are important to genetic engineering.
45. A restriction enzyme cuts a segment of DNA into 6 fragments with the following base
pairs: 120 bp; 1150 bp; 1300 bp; 700 bp; 95 bp; 315 bp
In what order would these appear on gel electrophoresis and why?
Friday morning Mr. Scruggs entered his classroom to find his coffee maker missing. Mr.
Scruggs looked everywhere and he could not find the coffee maker. He did notice some broken
glass on the floor. A few pieces of glass had blood on them. Mr. Scruggs sent the glass with
blood on it to the TJCA Crime Lab.
Mr. Scruggs remembered seeing Alex, Gage, Hayden, and Eli in his room before his coffee
maker disappeared. The four suspects agreed to submit a blood sample to the TJCA Crime
Lab.
46. Explain what you would do to compare the DNA. Also, whose blood is on the glass?
Blood Sample
Alex
Gabe
Hayden
Eli
EXTRA CREDIT
A virus isolated from monkeys contains a circular double strand of DNA. The virus, called
Simian Virus 40, interests scientists because it causes cancer in laboratory animals. Using a
restriction enzyme, the strand is separated into six unequal segments, as shown in the
figure. A scientist hypothesizes that the segment of DNA causing cancer can contain no
fewer than 600 base pairs. Using the figure, decide which segments of the virus have the
highest chance of containing the segment of interest. Identify in DESCENDING order,
from the HIGHEST chance to the LOWEST.
a. C, B, A
b. F,E,D
c. A,B,C
d. D,E,F