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DO NOT WRITE ON ME I AM A CLASS COPY chap12studyguide ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Avery’s experiments showed that bacteria are transformed by DNA is copied during a process called In eukaryotes, DNA RNA contains the sugar Which RNA molecule carries amino acids? What is produced during transcription? What does Figure 12-6 show? Figure 12-6 8.What happens during the process of translation? 9.Genes contain instructions for assembling _________? 10.A mutation that involves a single nucleotide is called a(an)__________? 11.A promoter is a __________? 12.In E. coli, the lac operon controls the_________? 13.What are the parts of a Eukaryotic Chromosome? 14.Hox genes determine an animal’s __________? Completion Complete each statement. 15. According to the principle of ____________________, hydrogen bonds can form only between adenine and thymine, and between guanine and cytosine. 16. Chromatin contains proteins called ____________________. 17. In Figure 12-7, What are A, B, and C ? ____________________. Figure 12–7 18. After introns are cut out of an RNA molecule, the remaining ____________________ are spliced back together to form the final messenger RNA. 19. A mutation in a series of genes, called the ____________________, can change the organs that develop in specific parts of an embryo. Short Answer 20. What is a bacteriophage? 21. What are the three main parts of an RNA nucleotide? 22. What must happen to a DNA molecule before RNA polymerase can make RNA? 23. What causes translation to stop? 24. What is a mutation? Other USING SCIENCE SKILLS Figure 12–8 25. What general type of mutation results from processes A, B, C, and D in Figure 12-8? 26. Comparing and Contrasting Contrast process A and process B in Figure 12-8. 27. Interpreting Graphics During which process in Figure 12-8 does a segment of a chromosome become oriented in the reverse direction? 30. Interpreting Graphics In Figure 12-8, which process produces two chromosomes with translocations?