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1. The Chromosome Theory of
Inheritance
theory that states that genes are
carried from parents to offspring on
chromosomes
2. Meiosis
process by which the number of
chromosomes is reduces in half to from
the sex cells-sperm and egg
3. Punnett Squares
a shorthand way to show the events
that occur in meiosis
4. genes
The structures that carry the
information for the inheritance of
traits. A gene has the information
for making a specific protein.
5. Chromosomes
where genes are located
6. Twenty-three (23)
The number of chromosomes in human
sex cells
7. Genetic Code
8. mRNA (messenger RNA)
The order of the nitrogen bases that
form along a gene and direct what type
of protein will be made is called the
______ _______.
The molecule that copies the coded
message from the DNA in the
nucleus and delivers it to the
ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
9. tRNA (transfer RNA)
The molecule that picks up the amino
acids in the cytoplasm and adds them
to the growing protein
10. ribosomes
The site of protein synthesis.
11. Helpful mutation
a mutation that increases an
organism’s chances for survival
12. first step in protein synthesis
mRNA is made using DNA as a pattern
13. A codon
a group of three nitrogen bases that
code for a specific amino acid.
14. Amino Acids
the “building blocks” of proteins
15. uracil
The nitrogen base found only in
RNA.
16. harmful mutation
A mutation that decreases an
organism’s chance of survival.
17. RNA
a single stranded molecule
18. DNA
Deoxyribose nucleic acid;
Contains the recipes for all the
proteins created in your body;
determines your traits; has a double
helix structure; found in the
nucleus;
Where the genetic code is located
19.The nucleus
20. Environment
is partly responsible for a mutation
being helpful or harmful