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Transcript
CP BIO CH. 7 CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION These are topics and vocabulary terms covered in this chapter which may appear on the chapter test. See chapter guide, warm-ups, quick reviews, and text chapter 7 parts 1 and 2 7. 1 Life is Cellular Cell theory – early contributors o Hooke, von Leeuwenhoek, Brown o Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow Cell Theory – 3 parts Cell size – why are all cells small? o Exchange with environment and supply all parts of cell o Large surface area-to-volume ratio Two kinds of cells – prokaryote and eukaryote – cell parts they both have Prokaryotic – organisms, advantages of this type o Parts: membrane, DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm o Nucleoid, one chromosome, cell wall o In some: pili, capsule, plasmids 7.2 Cell Structure Eukaryotic – organisms, advantages of this type Organelles – inside chemistry separate from rest of cell o Fast and efficient chemical processes Organelles that control the cell o Nucleus, chromatin, nuclear envelope Organelles that build proteins o Nucleolus, ribosomes, rough ER, smooth ER, Golgi body Organelles that capture and release energy o Mitochondria, chloroplasts, leukoplasts, chromoplasts Organelles that store and clean up o Vacuole, vesicle, contractile vacuole, lysosome Cytoskeleton o Microtubules, microfilaments o Cilia, flagella, centrioles, spindle fibers Cell boundaries – cell walls, cell junctions Differences in plant and animal cells Endosymbiosis Theory – how eukaryotes may have evolved