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Download Q on Genetic Control of Protein Structure and function – Chapter 5
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Transcript
Genetics questions Part 1 Structure of DNA What do DNA and RNA stand for? Draw a diagram of a single DNA nucleotide. Which enzyme turns DNA nucleotides into a polynucleotide? Explain what is meant by “complementary base pairing”. What type of bond holds the two DNA strands together? What are the 2 essential functions of DNA? What are the 2 main types of RNA and what are their similarities and differences? Describe two important features of genetic material. Copy and complete the table to compare the structure of DNA and RNA: DNA RNA Number of types Number of strands Type of sugar Bases present Location in the cell Size of molecule Part 2 DNA Replication Explain why “semi-conservative replication” is so called. Draw a simple line diagram to illustrate the process of semi-conservative replication. Part 3 Protein synthesis What are the two stages of protein synthesis? Which enzyme is responsible for forming mRNA? How many types of tRNA are there? Draw a flow chart summarising protein synthesis. Explain what is meant by “the genetic code is a triplet code”. Arrange the following sentences describing protein synthesis in the correct order: a b c d e f g h i j k Wrong order The mRNA leaves the nucleus via a nuclear pore. The ribosome moves to the next mRNA codon. A second tRNA molecule binds to the next codon. The amino acids attached to the tRNA molecules join together with a peptide bond. An anticodon on a tRNA molecule attaches to the first mRNA codon. The first tRNA molecule breaks away and the process continues. A complementary copy of the gene is formed on a molecule of mRNA. This process is called transcription. Translation continues until a STOP codon is reached. The DNA double helix in the region of the gene unzips exposing the gene on the template strand. The mRNA molecule attaches to a ribosome.
