* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download 9-24-15 Cell Fill in the Blank Work
Survey
Document related concepts
Tissue engineering wikipedia , lookup
Extracellular matrix wikipedia , lookup
Cell growth wikipedia , lookup
Cell nucleus wikipedia , lookup
Cellular differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Cell culture wikipedia , lookup
Signal transduction wikipedia , lookup
Cell encapsulation wikipedia , lookup
Cytokinesis wikipedia , lookup
Cell membrane wikipedia , lookup
Organ-on-a-chip wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
CELL THEORY & CELL SIZE 1. All living things are made of _____________. 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure & function in an organism (= basic unit of __________) 3. New cells are produced from _________________ cells Size larges to smallest = ___________ cells > _________ cells > ____________ existing life cells plant animal bacteria CELL MEMBRANE (PLASMA MEMBRANE) Made mainly of ____________________ and _________________ HYDROPHOBIC “tails” of phospholipids make molecules line up as LIPID ________________ with POLAR heads facing _______ & NON-POLAR tails facing ________ MEMBRANE PROTEINS • • • • ____________________- stick on inside or outside surface ____________________- go part way or all the way through _________________ - recognize “self” _______________ PROTEINS- move molecules across membrane FUNCTION: Membranes are _________________________________ (=Semi-permeable) Allow certain molecules to pass through; but keep others out ___________ what enters & leaves cell Helps with _________________ __________________ = gel-like material + organelles between nucleus and cell membrane bilayer cytoplasm transport out in homeostasis proteins phospholipids peripheral controls glycoproteins integral selectively permeable NUCLEUS & NUCLEOLUS Surrounded by _____________ MEMBRANE called the NUCLEAR __________________ ___________ CENTER OF CELL Nuclear ___________ allow molecules in & out CONTAINS CELL’S GENETIC MATERIAL (_______) Dark spot = NUCLEOLUS makes ___________________ (RNA) DNA is scrunched up as ______________ in dividing cells. DNA is spread out as ________________ in non-dividing cells. CYTOSKELETON Made of PROTEINS called ________________________ & ______________________ FUNCTION: helps cell maintain ____________ Also for ____________ and helps in ______________ CENTRIOLES Made of __________________________ Only seen in _______________ cells during cell division Function: pulls _______________________ apart chromosomes envelope DNA ribosomes chromatin double control pores movement microtubules shape support microfilaments chromosomes microtubules animal MITOCHONDRION (pl. MITOCHONDRIA) DNA cristae ATP double power plant glucose Surrounded by _____________ membrane Contains its own ___________ _________________________ of cell Burns ____________ Stores energy released as ______ Folded inner membrane = _________________ (increases surface area for more chemical reactions) RIBOSOMES Can be free in _______________ or _______________ to Rough ER MADE OF ______________ & ________ FUNCTION: make ________________ cytoplasm proteins RNA proteins attached ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM Internal Network of ___________________ Rough ER: Attached ribosomes make _________________ which are modified and transported to Golgi for export Smooth ER: ROUGH ER & SMOOTH ER (with ribosomes) (no ribosomes) proteins steroids toxins membranes calcium Makes membrane lipids (__________________) Regulates ________________ in muscles Breaks down _________________ in liver GOLGI APPARATUS (BODY) Looks like a stack of “________________” Made of ______________________ FUNCTION: Modify, sort, & package substances from ER for ______________ or _______________ out of cell storage pancakes export membranes LYSOSOMES Sac containing ________________________________ FUNCTION: Digests __________ ____________, and unwanted ______________________ Plays a role in ____________“Programmed cell death” Cell suicide for the good of the organism CILIA & FLAGELLA Made of PROTEINS called _______________ help with ___________________ CILIA =____________ & __________ FUNCTION: move ______________ and moves substances_________ cells FLAGELLA =___________ & ___________ FUNCTION: ____________ cells digestive enzymes apoptosis food molecules cells/cell parts cells moves past microtubules many few short long movement CELL WALL Found OUTSIDE the ________________________ Provides ____________ & ________________ ___________________ makes plant cells sturdy Bacteria have cell walls made of _____________________ protection cellulose peptidoglycan cell membrane support VACUOLES Storage space for: _______________, _____________________, _________________, & ________________ Huge in __________cells , small in _____________ cells, Not in _________________ water waste animal plants carbohydrates proteins bacteria CHLOROPLAST Surrounded by ____________ membrane Has own ________ _________________ = membrane sacs inside Contain CHLOROPHYLL where _____________________ occurs FOUND ONLY IN _____________ CELLS DIFFERENCES IN ANIMAL CELLS, PLANT CELLS, AND BACTERIA ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELL BACTERIA Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Cell membrane Nuclear membrane NO nuclear membrane Cell wall made of CELLULOSE Has ribosomes DNA in multiple chromosomes Cell wall made of PEPTIDOGLYCAN Has ribosomes DNA in multiple chromosomes CYTOSKELETON Small vacuoles CYTOSKELETON NO vacuoles Has lysosomes Has centrioles NO lysosomes NO centrioles Chloroplasts SMALLER Cell membrane SMALL NO chloroplasts photosynthesis thylakoids double plant DNA Prokaryotic Cells Animal Cells Eukaryotic Cells Plant Cells