Download Biology Chapter 3 Study Guide

Name
Period
Date
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Biology Chapter 3 Study Guide
1.
What is an organelle? ____________________________________________________________
2.
What is a nucleus of a cell? _______________________________________________________
3.
Who saw the first cell? _______________________________________In what? ____________
4.
Who saw the first living cell? _____________________________________________________
5.
About when were cells first viewed (what century)? ___________________________________
6.
In which organelle is the DNA found? ______________________________________________
7.
What is a eukaryotic cell? _______________________________________________________
 Name 2 structures eukaryotes have that prokaryotes don’t. _______________, ______________
8.
What is a prokaryotic cell? _______________________________________________________
 Does it have a nucleus? _______________ Organelles?______________
9.
What structure in the cell makes proteins? __________________________________________
10.
What are amino acids? ________________________________________How many? _________
11.
What is multi-cellular? ___________________________________________________________
12.
What is unicellular? ____________________________________________________________
13.
What do mitochondria break down to produce energy for the cell? _______________________
14.
Which two cell organelles may have been parasitic bacteria long ago?
_________________________________, ______________________________
15.
What are the 3 main points of The Cell Theory?
 _____________________________________________________________________________,
 _____________________________________________________________________________,
 _____________________________________________________________________________,
16.
What is a phospholipids molecule? ________________________________
 What membrane is made of this molecule? ___________________________________________
 Why is it bi-layer? ______________________________________________________________
 Which part of the molecule is polar? _______________________________________________
 Which part of the molecule is non polar ____________________________________________
17.
What do central vacuoles store? ____________________________________________________
 In what type of organism?____________
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18.
Name 4 structures found in or on a nucleus: __________________________________________,
_________________________, ________________________, ___________________________
19.
Substance stored by lysosomes? ___________________________________________________
20.
What do ribosomes do in the cell? __________________________________________________
21.
What are chromosomes made out of? ________________________
22.
What does the Rough E.R. do? _____________________________________________________
23.
What cytoplasm? ___________________________________How thick? __________________
24.
What is a cytoskeleton? __________________________________________________________
25.
What 3 structures are parts of the cytoskeleton and what is the function of each?
 __________________________function?___________________________________________
 __________________________function?___________________________________________
 __________________________function?___________________________________________
26.
What does the Golgi Apparatus do? _________________________________________________
How is it shaped? _______________________________________________________________
27.
What does the nucleolus do? ______________________________________________________
28.
What does the chloroplast do? ____________________________________Color?____________
29.
What are cell walls? _____________________________________________________________
 Name 2 types of organisms that have them: ______________________, ____________________
 What kind of organism definitely does not have one? __________________________________
30.
What are cilia? _________________________________________________________________
 What are 2 major uses for cilia? ______________________, _____________________________
31.
What is a polar molecule? ___________________________________________Is water?______
34.
What is diffusion? _______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
32.
What is equilibrium? ____________________________________________________________
33.
What is osmosis? _______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
34.
What is a hypotonic solution? ____________________________________________________

What happens to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution? ______________________________

What happens in cytolysis? ____________________________________________________
Page-3
35.
36.
What is a hypertonic solution? ____________________________________________________

What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution? ______________________________

What happens in plasmolysis? _________________________________________________
What is a isotonic solution? ____________________________________________________

What happens to a cell placed in a isotonic solution? ______________________________
37.
What is facilitated diffusion? ______________________________________________________
38.
What is the difference between active and passive transport? ____________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
39.
What cell receptor sites made of? __________________________________________________
40.
What type of molecule is used in the sodium-potassium pump?:
Into the cell? __________________________ Out of the cell? ___________________________
41.
What type of molecule is the sodium-potassium pump?_________________________________

How many potassium molecules enter the cell? ______________

How many sodium molecules leave the cell? ________________
42.
What are carrier molecules made out of? _____________________________________
43.
What is selectively permeable? ____________________________________________________
44.
What structure in a cell does the Fluid Mosaic Model describe? __________________________
45.
What is exocytosis? ___________________________________________________________
Is it active or passive transport? ___________________________________
46.
What is endocytosis? ___________________________________________________________
Is it active or passive transport? ___________________________________
47.
What is a vesicle? _____________________________________________________________
48.
What form of diffusion does a protein channel allow? _________________________________
49.
What do centrioles do in the cell?__________________________________________________
 What were centriols originally thought to do? ________________________________________
50.
What does cholesterol do in the cell membrane? ______________________________________
51.
What does the centrosome do? ____________________________________________________
52.
What does a contractile vacuole do? ________________________________________________