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Study Guide for Honors Biology Unit test: Chapter 4 & 5
This test will consist of two sections. Some will be multiple choice and you will have to write some short
answers. There will also be diagrams to interpret and label.
Chapter 4: A Tour of the Cell
You should be able to:
 Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
 Describe the structure of the plasma membrane and other membranes of the cell. Explain why this
structure is called a fluid mosaic.
 Describe the purpose and function of each of these organelles: nucleus, mitochondria, ribosome, Golgi
apparatus, chloroplast, vacuole, and lysosome.
 Describe the contribution of Hooke, van Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann and Virchow to cell theory.
 List the three ideas of the modern cell theory.
Chapter 5: The Working Cell
You should be able to:
 Define the following terms—Kinetic energy, potential energy, principle (law) of conservation of energy,
homeostasis, concentration gradient and selective permeability.
 Explain how ATP powers cellular work.
 Describe the outcome of food energy in humans especially in terms of useful work and heat.
 Distinguish between the following pairs: simple diffusion versus osmosis, hypotonic versus hypertonic,
passive transport versus active transport, endocytosis versus exocytosis and phagocytosis versus
pinocytosis.
 Describe the effects of isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic solutions on living cells.
 Interpret a drawing that shows the movement of particles or water for simple diffusion and osmosis.