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“Structure Determines Properties” How does one describe the structure of a molecule? - Molecular formula, e.g., C12H17ClNO3 - Size, 3-Dimensional Shape (steric effects) - Functional Groups (electrostatic effects - Polarity, HBonding) - Chirality - Energy of Formation. - To be precise, the exact structure would require defining the exact positions of all atoms in the molecule. What is meant by properties? - chemical (e.g., reaction rates, position of equilibria) - physical (e.g., melting points, boiling points, solubility, spectra) - biological (e.g., odor, color, taste, drug action, toxicity)