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Download Biology 3 Study Guide – Exam #3
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Biology 3 Study Guide – Exam #3 This is a list of the general types of things you should be prepared to answer questions on for each chapter. You are still responsible for all material covered in class and should know all of the key terms at the end of the notes for each chapter. Chapter 8 (Cell Division) diploid somatic cells vs haploid gametes basic chromosome structure the stages of the cell cycle the stages of mitosis and what type of cells undergo mitosis the general purpose of meiosis and what type of cells undergo meiosis the events in each stage of meiosis I and meiosis II how meiosis produces genetic diversity: crossing over & independent assortment of homologous chromosomes Chapter 9 (Genetics) all basic genetics concepts and terminology the inheritance of single genes incomplete dominance and codominance inheritance of ABO blood type inheritance of two genes at a time inheritance of X-linked genes solving of genetics problems using Punnett squares use of pedigrees Chapter 10A (DNA Structure and Replication) how DNA was determined to be the genetic material the structure of nucleotides the structure of double-stranded DNA molecules the nature of the DNA sequence the basis of DNA base pairing the process of DNA replication Chapter 10B (Gene Expression) what is meant by the term “gene” the process of transcription the differences between DNA and RNA the different roles of RNA the nature of the genetic code what is meant by the term “mutation” the process of translation Chapter 13 (Evolution by Natural Selection) the concepts of evolution and natural selection various types of evidence for evolution various types of fossils and radiometric dating gene pools and allele frequencies Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and using the Hardy-Weinberg equation the role of mutations in evolution genetic drift and artificial selection Chapters 14 & 15 (Evolutionary History and Origin of Species) the various species concepts the basic process of speciation (forming new species) gradualism vs punctuated equilibrium general composition of the early earth atmosphere basics of the Stanley Miller experiment requirements for life to arise, role of RNA & ribozymes order of early microbial life on earth endosymbiont hypothesis & prokaryotic characteristics of mitochondria, chloroplasts Extra Credit Article Untangling the Roots of Cancer, Scientific American July 2003 by W. Wayt Gibbs, pp. 56-65. “Recent evidence challenges long-held theories of how cells turn malignant - and suggests new ways to stop tumors before they spread.”