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Chapter 11 & 12 test
Review
DNA is copied during a process
called
•replication.
•transcription.
•translation.
•transformation.
In eukaryotes, DNA
• is located in the nucleus.
• is located in the
ribosomes.
• floats freely in the
cytoplasm.
• is circular.
What happens during the process
of translation?
• Messenger RNA is made from DNA.
• The cell uses information from
messenger RNA to produce proteins.
• Transfer RNA is made from
messenger RNA.
• Copies of DNA molecules are made.
RNA contains the sugar
•ribose.
•glucose.
•deoxyribose.
•lactose.
What is produced during
transcription?
•RNA molecules
•RNA polymerase
•DNA molecules
•proteins
What does this show?
Which RNA molecule carries amino
acids?
•messenger RNA
•ribosomal RNA
•transfer RNA
•RNA polymerase
What are Mendel’s factors called
today?
•Alleles
•Genes
•traits
•characters
Genes contain instructions for
assembling
•purines.
•proteins.
•nucleosomes.
•pyrimidines.
A mutation that involves a single
nucleotide is called a(an)
•chromosomal
mutation.
•point mutation.
•inversion.
•translocation.
The principle of dominance states
that
• all alleles are dominant.
• all alleles are recessive.
• some alleles are dominant and
others are recessive.
• alleles are neither dominant
nor recessive.
Two plants with the genotypes TT
and Tt
• would have the same
phenotype.
• have all dominant alleles.
• would have different
phenotypes.
• have all recessive alleles.
What principle states that during
gamete formation genes for
different traits separate without
influencing each other’s
inheritance?
• principle of dominance
• principle of independent
assortment
• principle of probabilities
• principle of segregation
Organisms that have two identical
alleles for a particular trait are said
to be
•hybrid.
•Heterozygous.
•homozygous.
•dominant.
The Punnett square in Figure 11-5 shows that the gene for
pea shape and the gene for pea color
RrYy
RY
Ry
rY
ry
RRYY
RRYy
RrYY
RrYy
Seed Shape
R = Round
r = Wrinkled
Ry
RRYy
RRyy
RrYy
Rryy
rY
RrYY
RrYy
rrYY
rrYy
Seed Color
Y = Yellow
y = Green
RrYy
Rryy
rrYy
RY
RrYy
ry
•
•
•
•
assort independently.
are linked.
have the same alleles.
are always homozygous.
rryy
The number of chromosomes in a
gamete is represented by the
symbol
•2N.
•N.
•X.
•Y.
Situations in which one allele for a
gene is not completely dominant over
another allele for that gene are called
•multiple alleles.
•codominant alleles.
•incomplete
dominance.
•multiple genes.
Gametes are produced by the
process of
•mitosis.
•crossing-over.
•meiosis.
•replication.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in
the formation of
•diploid cells.
•2N daughter cells.
•haploid cells.
•body cells.
What is shown in Figure?
independent assortment
• crossing-over
• anaphase I of meiosis
• incomplete dominance
•
Traits that are produced by the
interaction of several genes are
said to be
•polygenic.
•haploid.
•Codominant.
•diploid.
Which type of RNA functions as a
blueprint of the genetic code?
•rRNA
•mRNA
•tRNA
•RNA polymerase
Offspring that result from crosses
between true-breeding parents with
different traits
• are true-breeding.
• make up the parental
generation.
• make up the F2 generation.
• are called hybrids.
Mendel’s principles of genetics
apply to
•plants only.
•pea plants only.
•animals only.
•all organisms.
In the P generation, a tall plant was
crossed with a short plant. Short plants
reappeared in the F2 generation
because
• some of the F2 plants produced gametes
that carried the allele for shortness.
• the allele for shortness is dominant.
• the allele for shortness and the allele for
tallness segregated when the F1 plants
produced gametes.
• they inherited an allele for shortness from
one parent and an allele for tallness from
the other parent.
Punnett square shows all of the
following EXCEPT
• all possible results of a genetic
cross.
• the genotypes of the offspring.
• the alleles in the gametes of
each parent.
• the actual results of a genetic
cross.
If an organism’s diploid number is
12, its haploid number is
•12.
•24.
•6.
•3.
During transcription, an RNA
molecule is formed
• that is complementary to
both strands of DNA.
• that is complementary to
neither strand of DNA.
• that is double-stranded.
• inside the nucleus.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in
the formation of
• two genetically identical diploid
cells.
• four genetically different haploid
cells.
• four genetically identical haploid
cells.
• two genetically different diploid
cells.
Which of the following is a
nucleotide found in DNA?
• ribose + phosphate group +
thymine
• ribose + phosphate group + uracil
• deoxyribose + phosphate group +
uracil
• deoxyribose + phosphate group +
cytosine
During mitosis, the
• DNA molecules unwind.
• histones and DNA molecules
separate.
• DNA molecules become more
tightly coiled.
• nucleosomes become less
tightly packed.
DNA replication results in two DNA
molecules,
• each with two new strands.
• one with two new strands and
the other with two original
strands.
• each with one new strand and
one original strand.
• each with two original strands.
Which type(s) of RNA is(are)
involved in protein synthesis?
• transfer RNA only
• messenger RNA only
• ribosomal RNA and transfer
RNA only
• messenger RNA, ribosomal
RNA, and transfer RNA
Which of the following is NOT a
gene mutation?
•Inversion
•Deletion
•Insertion
•substitution
Unlike DNA, RNA contains
•adenine.
•phosphate groups.
•uracil.
•thymine.
Good Luck and Study Hard!!!