Download Tuesday 12/8/2015

Tuesday 12/8/2015
1.What do you remember about
cells from previous classes?
2.Why do you think it is important
to learn about cells?
Wednesday 12/9/2015
1.What are the three pieces of cell
theory?
2.What is Robert Hooke famous
for?
Thursday 12/10/2015
1.What is the difference between
Eukaryotic cells and Prokaryotic
cells? Give an example of each.
2.How do cells eventually create
something complex like
You?
Friday 12/11/2015
After watching the video we will
answer the questions
1. What are the levels of
organization? Give an example
form each level.
Monday 12/14/2015
Put the following words into the correct
level of organization:
Oak Tree, Human, Heart, Pulmonary,
Sperm, Neuron, Blood, Root, Roots,
Liver, Kidney Tissue, Palm, Blood drop,
Monkey, White blood cell.
Monday 1/4/2016
We will start the warm
up after the bell and
after we switch seats.
Monday 1/4/2016
1. What are the differences
between a prokaryote and a
eukaryote?
2. Name at least 2 cell organelles
you remember and give me their
function.
Tuesday 1/5/2016
1. What is the function (job) of the
mitochondria? Draw the
mitochondria.
2. What is the function of the golgi
apparatus?
Wednesday 1/6/2016
1. What is the function of the
nucleus? Why is it so
important?
2. What is the function of the
cytoskeleton?
Foldable
1. Fold paper in half, then unfold
it.
2. Bring the edges of the paper
into the center line you made.
Now you have to side flaps.
3. Fold the paper in half
lengthwise.
4. Now fold it in half 3 times.
5. When you unfold you should
have 16 boxes.
Nucleus
Stores genetic
information
•
Nuclear envelope – Allows
DNA and ribosomes to
leave nucleus
•
Nucleolus – makes
ribosomes which make
proteins
Ribosome
 Ribosome's make
proteins
 Ribosomes are
made in the
nucleolus
Think!
• What is so special about the nucleus?
• Where are ribosomes made?
• Which organelle links amino acids together
to make proteins?
• What are proteins used for in the cell?
Thursday 1/7/2016
1. Where are ribosomes made?
What is their function?
2. How is the Rough ER and
ribosomes similar?
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
There are two types:
1. Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum (R.E.R.):
contain ribosomes;
secretes proteins made
by ribosomes
2. Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum (S.E.R.): No
ribosomes; creates lipids
and detoxifies cell
Golgi Apparatus
• Package, Sort, and Processes
Proteins and lipids from the
E.R.
Vesicles
• Transports materials around cell
• Membrane-bound sacs fuse with Golgi
Body
Mitochondria
• Supply
to the cell
• TWO membranes: inner membrane has
lots of folds; Why?
Vacuoles
• Fluid-filled sacs used for storage
• Central vacuole unique to plant cells
– plants shrivel when central vacuoles don’t have enough
water
Lysosomes
• Contain digestive enzymes; recycles
dead organelles
• Defend cell from invading bacteria
Centrioles
• Help separate the cell during
division
• Only found in Animal cells
Plant cells
Have TWO features Animal Cells Do Not
Cell wall: gives
protection, support,
and shape to plant
cell
Chlorplasts:
organelles that
perform
photosynthesis
1. Where in the body would you expect to find
cells loaded with mitochondria? Why?
2. Describe two ways the lysosomes are helpful.
3. Name two structures that are located in a plant
cell that are not in an animal cell.
4. Why do you think plant cells don’t use
centrioles?
Friday 1/8/2016
1. Why do plant cells not need
centrioles?
2. What are 2 differences between
a vacuole and a central vacuole?
Turn in your webquest
to the box!
Monday 1/11/2016
1. What is the function of a
chloroplast? Where is it found?
2. Compare and contrast smooth
and rough ER.
Tuesday 1/12/2016
1. What is the function
mitochondria? What does it
need to run/work?
2. What is the job of the
ribosomes? Where are they
found in a cell?
Wednesday 1/13/2016
1. Explain how the vesicles and
golgi apparatus works together.
2. What are the two functions of
the lysosome?
Get out your Crossword
Thursday 1/14/2016
1. Explain the difference between
the nucleus and the nucleolus.
2. What is analogy? Come up with
one for a lysosome.
Late crosswords, turn in!
Friday 1/15/2016
1. What is an analogy for the
mitochondria?
2. What is an analogy for the
Smooth ER?
Tuesday 1/19/2016
1. I want you to set a realistic goal,
for each day of this week, on
what you would like to get
done.
Wednesday 1/20/2016
1. Check your analogies, does your
nucleolus relate to your
ribosomes? Why should they?
2. Pick one analogy that you are
unsure about you want me to
check.
Monday 1/25/2016
1. What is one realistic thing you
would change about this
project? What was the hardest
part for your team?
2. Which organelle are you having
the most trouble
understanding/remembering?
Tuesday 1/26/2016
1. Why is it important to
give/receive feedback like we
did yesterday?
2. What do you remember about
polar (water) and non-polar (oil)
molecules?
Cell membranes are composed of
two phospholipid layers
• Phospholipids have 3 parts:
– Charged phosphate group
– Glycerol
– Two fatty acid chains
•
•
•
•
Label the head
Label the tail
Which part is attracted to water?
What is something called that is attracted to water?
How about afraid? (remember latin roots)
• Cell membranes are composed of two
phospholipid layers.
– The cell membrane has two major functions.
• forms a boundary between inside and outside of
the cell
• controls passage of materials in and out of cell
(border patrol)
cell membrane
inside cell
outside cell
• Cell membranes are composed of two phospholipid
layers.
– The cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer.
– There are other molecules embedded in the membrane.
Functions
cell membrane
Cholesterol:
Strengthens
carbohydrate
chain
Proteins: Gates,
differ for each cell
membrane
Carbohydrates: ID
tags
cholesterol
protein
protein channel
protein
Cell membranes are composed of
two phospholipid layers.
– The fluid mosaic model describes the membrane.
• Fluid: Cell membrane moves, not rigid
– Does not flip, though, outside stays out, inside stays in
• Mosaic: variety of molecules similar to tiles with
different textures and patterns
• Cell membranes are composed of two
phospholipid layers.
– The cell membrane is selectively permeable.
What does selective
mean?
What does permeable
mean?
So, what does
selectively permeable
mean?
Some molecules can cross the membrane while
others cannot. Which do you think will cross?
• Cell membranes are composed of two
phospholipid layers.
– The cell membrane is selectively permeable.
What is an everyday
example of something
that is semipermeable
or selectively
permeable?
Why is selective
permeability important?
Some molecules can cross the membrane
while others cannot.
• Chemical signals are transmitted across the
cell membrane.
– Receptors bind with ligands and change shape.
– There are two types of receptors.
• intracellular receptor
• Chemical signals are transmitted across the
cell membrane.
– Receptors bind with ligands and change shape.
– There are two types of receptors.
• intracellular receptor
• membrane receptor
Examples: red blood cells
carrying carbon dioxide
On the left side of your
notebook…
• Write a summary of about 3-4
sentences telling me what this
section was about.
• Answer this question. How do
you think a cell eats or drinks?
Wednesday 1/27/2016
1. Draw a phospholipid and label it using
these parts: head, tail, phosphate
group, polar, non-polar, fatty acid,
hydrophilic.
2. What is the job of the carbohydrates
sticking out of the cell membrane?
Friday 1/29/2016
1. What are the jobs of proteins that are
built into the cell membrane? What
about the cholesterol?
2. Give me a real life example of
something that is selectively
permeable.
Monday 2/1/2016
1. What does selectively permeable
mean? Why does your cell membrane
need to be selectively permeable?
2. What new word from the homework
gave you most trouble comprehending
3.2 Diffusion and Osmosis
KEY CONCEPT Materials move across membranes
because of concentration differences.
3.2 Diffusion and Osmosis
Passive transport does not require energy input from a
cell.
• Molecules can move across the cell membrane
through passive transport.
• There are two types of
passive transport.
• diffusion
• osmosis
Diffusion and osmosis are types of
passive transport.
• Molecules diffuse down a
concentration gradient.
Where will the
ball roll?
Does it take
energy?
Diffusion and osmosis are types of
passive transport.
• Osmosis is the
diffusion of water
molecules across a
semipermeable
membrane.
• There are 3 types of solutions:
• Isotonic: Iso means equal; outside and inside of cell
have same concentration
• Hypertonic: Hyper = above, more dissolved outside
of cell, or more water inside cell; water Exits the cell
• Hypotonic: Hypo = below, less dissolved outside of
cell, less water in cell; water goes into cell
Some molecules can only diffuse through transport
proteins.
• Some molecules cannot easily diffuse across
the cell membrane.
• Facilitated diffusion is
diffusion through transport
proteins.
• Tunnels to get through the
mountain
• Still move with
concentration gradient!
• No energy required
On the left side of your
notebook…
• Write a summary of about 3-4
sentences telling me what this
section was about.
Tuesday 2/2/2016
1. What does selectively permeable
mean? Why does your cell membrane
need to be selectively permeable?
2. What new word from the homework
gave you most trouble comprehending
Monday 2/8/2016
1. What are 2 examples of passive
transport we talked about? What is
there difference between them?
2. Does passive transport need energy to
work? Why or why not?
3.2 Active Transport, Endocytosis,
and Exocytosis
KEY CONCEPT Cells use energy to transport materials
that cannot diffuse across a membrane. Like a chair lift
moving you up the mountain using energy!
What is different from this picture than the picture in the previous
slides?
Active transport requires energy input from a cell and
enables a cell to move a substance against its
concentration gradient. Low to High
• Passive transport requires no energy from
the cell.
• Active transport is
powered by energy
(ATP).
• Active transport occurs
through transport protein
pumps.
• Cells use active transport
to maintain homeostasis.
A cell can import and export large materials or large
amounts of material in vesicles during the
processes of endocytosis and exocytosis.
• Cells use energy to transport material in
vesicles.
• Endocytosis is the process of taking material into the
cell.
Vesicle
• Cells use energy to transport material in
vesicles.
• Exocytosis is the process of expelling
material from the cell.
Vesicle
Think!
1. What might happen if vesicles in your neurons
(nerve cells) are unable to fuse with the cell
membrane?
2. How is endocytosis and exocytosis different
from diffusion?
3. How are protein pumps different from protein
channels?
4. Cholesterol is located between the fatty acid
chains of the phospholipid layer. Do you think
cholesterol is polar or nonpolar? Explain.
Tuesday 2/9/2016
1.
Make a Venn Diagram and compare
passive transport and active
transport.
Wednesday 2/10/2016
After watching the video answer these
questions:
1. What are the 4 types of cell
transport you saw?
2. Give some feedback! What are two
things they could have changed to
make the video better or more
helpful?