Download The Cell

The Cell: The Basic
Unit of Life
The Cell
 The
Cell has many parts.
 Each
part has a specific job and
plays an important part in the life
of a cell.

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Animal Cell
Warm Up
____ 1. Provides energy for the cell by
breaking down glucose molecules.
____ 2. Converts light energy to chemical
energy for the plant cell through
photosynthesis.
____ 3. This organelle controls all cell
activities.
____ 4. Is selectively permeable.
____ 5. A gelatin-like substance that is the
site of many chemical reactions in the cell.
Cell Membrane



Structure: protective layer that surrounds
the cell.
Composed of lipids and phospholipids.
Function: controls interactions between
the environment and the inside of the
cell.
Cytoplasm
 Structure:
Gelatin like
substance inside cell,
constantly flowing.
 Function:
a) keeps the cell moist.
b) allows for chemical
reactions to take place.
Cytoskeleton
 Structure:
framework made
up of thin hollow
tubes.
 Function: Helps
the cell maintain
it’s shape
Nucleus
 The
brain of the cell
 Structure: has it’s own
membrane.
 Functions:
a) directs all cell
activity
b) contains the
hereditary material
(DNA)
Mitochondria
The POWER HOUSE of the
cell!!!!!
 Function: breaks down
nutrients to make energy for
the cell.
 ATP is the energy source.
*Why would muscle cells in
your legs have more
mitochondria than muscles in
your abdomen?
Ribosomes
Made in the nucleolus and sent
out to the cytoplasm.

Structure:
-Not membrane bound
-Either float freely in the
cytoplasm or are connected to
the endoplasmic reticulum.

Functions:
-Produces protein using the
information provided by the DNA.
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum


Made up of folded membranes
Structure: either be rough or smooth
-Rough: has ribosomes
-Smooth: no ribosomes

Functions:
-Acts as the processing center for
proteins and other substances.
-A system of highways to send things
to different places.
Golgi Bodies
Golgi Apparatus/Golgi Complex
 Structure:
-Stacked membranes, acts as the mail
center.
 Functions:
-Sort out proteins and other substances in
vesicles (packages) to go to their
appropriate places (other parts of the cell,
organelles, or out of the cell).
Vacuoles
 Vacuoles:
temporary storage for any
excess cell material.
Lysosomes
 Function:
-Breaks down and recycles unused substances
-Also kills the cell (Lysis) when the cell is no longer
functional.
Extra Plant Structures

Plants are unique organisms and their cells have
two added organelles.
 Cell Wall
-Tough, rigid, outer coverings made of
CELLULOSE (a carbohydrate)
Function:
-Protection
-Support and shape for the plant
Chloroplasts
Green organelles that contain chlorophyll
 Function:
• Chlorophyll captures light and uses it to make
energy (photosynthesis).
Different Types of Cells







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
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
Nucleus- I’m the boss
Mitochondrion- power packed
Cytoplasm- oooey, gooey
Membrane- coming or going
Vacuole- hold on layaway
Golgi Bodies- packed –n- ready
Lysosomes- clean up the junk
Ribosomes- one order o’ proteins
ER- on the road again
Cytoskeleton- keep’n the shape
Chloroplast- green food machine
Cell Wall- rough –n- tough

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