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Transcript
Cell Organelles All living things have MRS C GREN, including cells! However, organelles work together to make the organism alive. Location and function Why is important to think about the location and function of cell organelles? At the end of this keynote we should know! Cell Membrane located on the outside of the cell determines what goes in and out of the cell protects and supports the cell Cytoplasm a gel-like fluid (Cytosol) which takes up most of the space inside a cell, mostly water the organelles are also cytoplasm Nucleus usually found in the center of an animal cell home to the chromosomes, which are made of DNA it is the largest organelle it directs all actions in the cell Nucleolus found in the nucleus responsible for making ribosomes ribosomes are transported through the cytoplasm to the Rough ER, where they are stored Vacuoles found throughout the animal cell responsible for storage of food, enzymes and wastes it is a sac-like structure in which digestion of nutrients occurs in animal cells they are small Mitochondria found in the cytoplasm use oxygen to transform energy in food to a form the cell can use to carry out its activities Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough ER is found next to the nuclear membrane it is the place where protein is synthesized ribosomes are stored on it, giving it a bumpy appearance Smooth ER Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum part of the ER is smooth, there are no ribosomes stored on it two main functions are to transport proteins to the Golgi Apparatus to manufacture or synthesize lipids (fats) Golgi Bodies found near the ER it modifies and packages the proteins from the Rough ER to send to other organelles it modifies and packages the lipids from the smooth ER to send to other organelles Cytoskeleton formed from microtubules and filaments found throughout the cytoplasm used to give structure and shape to the cell also assists in transporting products around the cell Chloroplasts found in plant cells contain the green pigment chlorophyll chlorophyll captures the energy of sunlight and converts it to glucose this is called photosynthesis not all plant cells have chloroplasts Central Vacuole found only in plant cells acts as a storage structure for the cell water, nutrients and waste can all be stored in a vacuole in a plant cell it offers support for the shape of the cell as it is one very large organelle in a plant cell Cell Wall only found in plant cells outer barrier that surrounds the cell membrane provides extra support and gives the cell its shape. made of cellulose fibers Compare the two! plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts and one large, central vacuole animal cells have many small vacuoles, and lysosomes which help digest proteins