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Mind Stretcher – Copy Both 1. Which is larger: prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells? 2. What type of cells make up the human body? (Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic) Eukaryotic Directions • Get out your organizer from Friday • Complete the back using pages 68 & 69 in the textbook • Fill out the Venn Diagram…you don’t have to use “inside” and “organization” if you don’t want to…create your own ideas in the circles! cytoplasm Cell membrane Standard S7L2b: Relate cells structures (cell membranes, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, mitochondria) to basic cell functions Did You Know? • We are made up of microscopic living things called: CELLS • There are Approximately 100 TRILLION cells in the Human Body. 100 Trillion The Parts • Cells are made up of different parts called organelles. • Each part has a specific function! • The Organelles: – – – – – – – – – – – Nucleus Mitochondria Cytoplasm Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Golgi Bodies (Apparatus) Vacuoles Lysosomes Cell Membrane Cell Wall Chloroplast Cell Membrane • Function- To protect the cell and allow things IN and OUT. • Analogy- A Cell Membrane is like a FENCE. • Found- Animal & Plant Cells Cytoplasm • Function- Gel-like fluid found all throughout the cell; All other organelles are suspended (floating) in it. • Analogy- The Cytoplasm is like Jell-O, constantly moving & swishing around • Found- Plant & Animal Cells The Nucleus • Function- DNA (our genes) is found here. It directs the cell’s activities and houses the nucleolus. (Tells all the other parts what to do! ) • Analogy- Acts like the Brain • Found- Animal & Plant Cells Nucleolus • Found INSIDE the Nucleus! Mitochondria • Function- Performs respiration which breaks down sugar to produce energy! (In the form of ATP) • Analogy- “Power plant” of the Cell • Found- Animal & Plant Cells Where is Mitochondria?? Ribosomes • Function- Makes protein out of amino acid. All cells need protein to function! • Analogy- Ribosomes are like a Protein Factory • Found- Animal & Plant Cells Where are Ribosomes? Endoplasmic Reticulum • Function- Carry proteins and other cell materials from one part of cell to another. • Two Types- Smooth ER and Rough ER – Rough E.R. has Ribosomes – Smooth E.R. does NOT have Ribosomes! • Analogy- Like Roadways/Highways • Found- Animal & Plant Cells Where is the Endoplasmic Reticulum: • Rough E.R.? • Smooth E.R? Golgi Bodies/Golgi Apparatus : • Function- Recieves Proteins (mail) from the E.R., Packages them (puts it in envelope) then Distributes them to other parts of cell (Mailman) • Analogy- Like Post office • Found- Plant & Animal Cells Where are Golgi Bodies??? Vacuoles • Function- Stores food and water; – Largest are found in plant cells and smallest in animal cells. • Analogy- Like a Storage Container • Found- Plant & Animal Cells Where is the Vacuole? Some Animal Cells have Vacuoles while Others Don’t!! Lysosomes • Function- Break down old cell parts & release them for recycling • Analogy- Like the Janitors of the Cell • Found- Plant & Animal Cells Recap: • Plant and Animal Cells are made of parts called ORGANELLES. • Each Organelle has a Function/Job: Cytoplasm • Surrounds and Constantly Moves Organelles Nucleus • Brain Mitochondria • Powerplant Endoplasmic Reticulum • Roadways Ribosomes • Protein Factories Golgi Bodies • Post Office Vacuoles • Food Storage Containers Lysosomes • Janitors But Wait…There’s More! A plant cell has two more organelles that animal cells don’t! Chloroplast • Function- Makes food for the cell through Photosynthesis – Chlorophyll is a green pigment inside the chloroplast that traps the sunlight needed and gives plants their green color. • Analogy- Like a Restaurant/Chef • Found- Plant Cells Cell Wall • Function- Rigid, cellulose structure that gives support to a cell. – Although made of different materials algae, fungi, bacteria, and archaea also have cell walls. • Analogy- Like a brick wall surrounding a building! • Found- Plant Cells