Download Bio102 Problems

Bio102 Problems
Cells and Organelles
1. In the blank provided, write the name of one cell structure or region that is accurately described by the
statement.
a. Contains the thylakoid membrane
b. Site of amino acid polymerization
c. Prevents enzymes from leaving the cell
d. Provides shape and structure to animal cells
e. The fluid outside of all organelles
f.
Contains DNA and ribosomes
______Chloroplast_______
_______Ribosome__________
______Plasma Membrane_______
______Cytoskeleton_________
_______Cytosol____________
_______Mitochondria or Chloroplast
2. The Cell Theory states that
A. as an organism gets larger, its surface area-to-volume ratio decreases.
B. energy can neither be created nor destroyed.
C. cells can arise by spontaneous generation if the G value is favorable.
D. prokaryotic cells never contain membrane-bound organelles.
E. all cells come from pre-existing cells.
3. Which one of the following is NEVER found in a prokaryotic cell?
A. DNA
B. Ribosome
C. Cell Membrane
D. Mitochondria
E. Flagella
4. Which structure is “semi-autonomous”?
A. Ribosome
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C. Nucleus
D. Chloroplast
E. Cell wall
5. The Endosymbiont Theory is supported by all of the following observations EXCEPT
A. mitochondria have their own DNA.
B. mitochondria have a cell wall, like prokaryotic cells.
C. mitochondria are approximately the same size as a prokaryotic cell.
D. mitochondria have two membranes.
6. Which one of the following limits the size of a prokaryotic cell?
A. The lack of mitochondria
B.
C.
D.
E.
The surface area-to-volume ratio
The First Law of Thermodynamics
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
The Cell Theory
7. Which of the following amazing discoveries would be a violation of the Cell Theory?
A. The discovery of an organism that emerges from nonliving rocks.
B. The discovery that life existed on Mars ten million years ago.
C. The discovery of an organism that has no organelles in its cells.
D. The discovery that mitochondria evolved from other intracellular organelles, not prokaryotes.
E. The discovery of an organism at the bottom of the ocean that lives without oxygen.
8. Which one of the following is NOT an organelle?
A. Mitochondria
B. Lysosome
C. Golgi Complex
D. Cytoskeleton
E. Nucleus
9. Which organelle has three membranes?
A. Lysosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Vacuole
D. Chloroplast
E. No organelle has three membranes
10. Which one of these structures is NEVER found in a prokaryotic bacterial cell?
A. Phospholipids
B. Ribosome
C. Plasma membrane
D. DNA
E. Golgi complex
11. Circle every statement in the list below that is part of the Cell Theory.
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only
transferred.
The three-dimensional structure of a protein
determines the function of that protein.
Every living organism is composed of one or more
cells.
Membrane proteins are found embedded in a
phospholipid layer and can move laterally.
Each allele separates from its partner into one of the
gametes.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts arose from an
endosymbiotic relationship.
In every energy conversion, the overall level of entropy
in the universe increases.
All cells come from cells.
Prokaryotic cells lack organelles.
Cells are the smallest living unit.
12. Five statements are shown in the left column below. For each statement, indicate which cell structure
or structures it accurately describes. There may be more than one correct answer for each blank: list all
that apply.
A. Cell Membrane
B. Cell Wall
Contains more than one
_C F ___ membrane
___J____
Site of triglyceride synthesis
___BH___
Has no membrane
___B____
Provides rigid support for the cell
___ HI ___ Site of peptide bond synthesis
___ABH__ May be found in a prokaryote
C. Chloroplast
D. Golgi Body
E. Lysosome
F. Mitochondria
G. Nucleus
H. Ribosome
I. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
J.
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
13. In biology, an idea that is consistently supported by the results of many experiments is referred to as
A. a law.
B. a theory.
C. a hypothesis.
D. an observation.
E. a fact.
14. Horace is a young biology major who has found a living organism in a drop of water from the DuPage
River. Examining this organism under the microscope, he determines that the entire organism is
composed of only one cell and this cell has a cell membrane and a cell wall. A few other experiments
quickly show that it contains ribosomes and DNA. Is this organism a prokaryote, eukaryote, or do we not
have enough information yet to tell? Please explain your answer.
We don’t yet have enough information to tell. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes contain a plasma
membrane, ribosomes and DNA. All prokaryotes and many eukaryotes have a cell wall and may be
found as a single-cell organism.
15. Match the organelle on the left with the smaller structure found within it.
Select the one best answer per blank.
A. Cytosol
B. Lysosome
___C___ Mitochondria
C. Matrix
__E____ Rough ER
D. Nucleolus
__F____ Chloroplast
E. Ribosome
F. Thylakoid Space
G. Vesicle
16. The cell wall is responsible for …
A. controlling the movement of molecules into and out of the cell.
B. the structure of the nuclear pore.
C. the rigid structure outside of the cell membrane.
D. synthesis of the cytoskeleton.
E. decreasing the surface area-to-volume ratio of the cell.
17. The thylakoid lumen is part of which structure?
A. Chloroplast
B. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
C. Mitochondria
D. Golgi apparatus
E. Cell wall
18. The thylakoid lumen is found within
A. chloroplasts.
B. the Golgi apparatus.
C. the nucleus.
D. mitochondria.
E. none of these.
19. The diameter of an average mitochondrion might be approximately …
A. 0.1 m.
B. 1 m.
C. 10 m.
D. 100 m.
E. 1,000 m.
20. List two different pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts.
They contain multiple membranes and prokaryotic-like DNA.
21. Name the one organelle or cell structure described by each statement below.
Cell wall
Smooth ER
Vesicle
Cytosol
An extracellular structure that provides structure and stability to most cells.
The site of triglyceride synthesis.
A temporary, membrane-bound sac used for transport between organelles.
The area of the cell that is outside of all the organelles.