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“Decoding Genes” Team Member Names: Date: Period: HINT: Replace the ? with the appropriate word. The questions are in order of how they are presented in the book. 1. ? is the process where parents pass on their traits to their kids. 2. Traits that you can see, count, or measure make up the 3. The body uses a special set of directions called 4. These dogs have different ? 5. The 6. The study of ? ? because their of a plant or animal. to build ? that produce the ? are called ? ? . is called ? ? 8. When I crossed yellow pod and green pod plants, all the ? and yellow is ? 11. Since pods. ? ? to each ? ? . ? ? 3. ? copy comes from each parent. 4. ? alleles hide 13. Mendel’s findings are the 14. The allele for ? is called . . ? 2. Everyone has ? copies of each ? . were is recessive, the plants need two copies of the yellow ? make ? ?. 12. From Mendel’s Findings we know: 1. . . 10. A plant has ? copies of each gene. These copies are called But it can only give one in the ? are different. 7. ? crossed pea plants with different traits. Then the examined their 9. Green is ? ?. ? ones. ? of the science we call ? to the ? ? for no dimples. . to have ? 15. Some ? are determined by 16. ? ? make ? 17. are determined by a ? than ? ? - substances the gene. Other traits, like height and hair type gene. ? how to build each ? needs to keep working. Genes tell the . ? build ? inside the cell. The directions come from the , which is the command center of the cell. 18. The acid. ? contains DNA is divided into 19. Line up the human For each pair, ? ? ? material or ? . ? and you’ll see ? pairs of ? ? chromosomes came from 20. Each species has a specific number of . That’s short for deoxyribonucleic ? , or ? in total. ? and the other from . Mosquitos have ? . . Dogs have ?. King crabs have ?. ? 21. This gene gives 22. Genes are made of ? to make keratin, the . Two long ? around each other. They’re held together by small kinds of bases: ? ? , 23. Bases pair up in a certain way. ? ? in your fingernails. of ? ? called ? , ? , and pairs with ? ? and . ? spiral . There are ? ? . pairs with ?. ? 24. In 1953, ? and discovered the structure of ? . By doing this, they won a great scientific race to unravel the puzzle of ? acknowledged that they couldn’t have done it without help. She took a special picture of using x-ray 25. Our genes make up the ? . Each ? . ? ? our bodies need. ? ? are long strings of ? provides a list of the ? needed to make a ? ? is ? . But the list is in code! The code for each the cell, the right order. ? . Both reads the code and builds the called ? bases long. Inside by connecting ? in the 26. The human , ?, ? ? contains more than , and ? 27. Scientists determine the ? genes. They decide the makeup of ? . ? ?. This process is called order of the bases of the ? ? . 28. From ? to humans, many of the ? 29. Ninety-six ? of ? to chimpanzees. 30. The . 31. ? ? DNA is ? between our ? species are are almost ? by ? the ? differences in ? happen when one base turns into another. This changes the ? example, solar rays and X-rays zap cells with 32. Mutation is only part of the ? . 33. The diversity of life we see around the 34. Dr. Spencer is studying the ? this year’s flu 35. In a of many different ? ? ? condition, it takes of a ? . A direct hit can code. For ? DNA. ? . ? is the other part. ? is a result of ? virus. She’ll use the information to ? in . . ? ?work together toward cures for 36. Since the discovery of ? ? mutant ? ? conditions. ? and to see the problem. ? , genetics has become an aspect in the study of ? . 37. Genetic discoveries have influenced conservation, 38. Should we use . 39. Our 40. ? ? ? ? ? , and from living ? to make make us different from ? other…and the ? too. is not the only thing that causes ? ? ? for being tall, without enough to 41. The condition called ? syndrome occurs when a chromosomes instead of ? . exact copies or ? . Environment is important too. Even if a person has ? . ? , he’ll be short. child ends up with ? 42. ? twins are a kind of ? half grows into a ? ? . They are dividing. If a aren’t supposed to. This into ? makes a with even ? ? 45. Some ?? ? because each ? has exactly the same ? cells when to ? and when to ? ?, cells will ? when they ? . splits in half. Each . 43. Many genes are necessary to 44. Genetic . Very early in development, a ? ? ? in the occurs when a . For example, a ? occurs in any of the those that kills ? ? ? called ? takes a from ? ? The idea is to ? ? ? could spread to ? ? and puts it genome. The gene don’t have to spray corn ? plants and could . are trying to find cures for ? from one was added to the . The good thing is that . The bad thing is that the human ? damaged or ? ? genetic diseases using? therapy. genes with normal ? .