Download CNH Unit 1 Power Point cell membrane, transport, cell processes

Cell Membrane
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pfu1DE9PK2w
• The cell membrane is fluid because the parts in the cell membrane
are fluid, which means the parts move.
• A mosaic is a work of art made by bits of glass put together to make
an image and a cell membrane is like a mosaic because it has many
pieces that are also fluid. Hence, the cell membrane is called a fluid
mosaic model.
Three Parts of Cell Membrane
• Label the following parts of the cell membrane pictured below:
• hydrophilic (attracted to water) heads
• hydrophobic (repelled by water) tails
• membrane transport protein.
Hydrophilic head
(polar)
Hydrophobic
tails (nonpolar)
Membrane
Transport Protein
Cell Transport
• Picture showing diffusion in a cell
Cell Transport
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSS3EtKAzYc
Hypertonic
Water moves out of the cell and the contents inside the cell shrink because there was
more water in the cell than cell’s surrounding environment.
Isotonic
Water moves equally in and out because the solute concentration is equal inside the cell
and outside the cell.
Hypotonic Water moves into the cell and the contents inside the cell expand because there was
less water in the in the cell than the cell’s surrounding environment.
Cell Membrane
• Decide if the heads or tails of the cell membrane are positioned to point
towards or away from the watery environment, explain why, and explain how
this positioning will help the cell?
• The heads are positioned to point towards the watery environment.
• The heads are polar and are attracted to water so the heads face the watery
environment.
• The tails are positioned to point away from the watery environment
• The tails are nonpolar and are repelled by water so the tails turn away from the
watery environment.
• THIS ALLOWS THE CELL MEMBRANE TO BE SELECTIVELY SEMI-PERMEABLE,
ALLOWING THE PASSAGE OF MATERIALS IN AND OUT OF THE CELL.
Cell Transport
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DtgI7k1l9s
Passive Transport
Active Transport
Concentrated Gradient
High to Low
Low to High
Requires ATP (energy)
No
Yes
Diffusion (spread out)
Yes
No
Osmosis (water only)
Yes
No
Facilitated Diffusion
Yes
No
Endocytosis
No
Yes
Exocytosis
No
Yes
Sodium Potassium Pump
No
Yes
Cell Transport
Endocytosis 2/3 types
1 Phagocytosis (fragments
of organic matter ex bacteria white blood cells
and lysosome)
2 Pinocytosis (liquid
particles only)
Exocytosis
Form of active transport
Yes
Yes
Uses a vesicle
Yes
Yes
Removes large waste
molecules to maintain
homeostasis
No
Yes
Takes in nutrients to
maintain homeostasis
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DuD
mvlbpjHQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AneP
ocfJqWk
Helps a cell to maintain
Homeostasis
• Homeostasis is when an organism is able to maintain a stable
internal environment even when external conditions change.
Homeostasis Negative
Feedback Loop
• Sweating or Thermoregulation
• Dogs Panting
Homeostasis Positive Feed
Back Loop
Shiver – muscles shake to create body heat to prevent
hypothermia.
Plant Cell Energy
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autotrophs
Producers
Plants
Electromagnetic Radiation from the sun aka light energy
Chemical Reaction
Photosynthesis
666
It’s a blast to be a chloroplast because you’re full of chlorophyll
The organelle responsible for photosynthesis is the chloroplast
Chlorophyll is a pigment not an organelle
Energy Change in
Photosynthesis
• Light Energy changes to Chemical Energy
Affects on Photosynthesis
• Light intensity
• CO2 levels
• Temperature
Cellular Respiration Energy
• Cellular respiration changes chemical energy (glucose) into
useable energy (ATP) for cellular work/activities.
• Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria
Energy Change in
Cellular Respiration
• Chemical Energy (glucose) to Chemical Energy (ATP)
Cellular Respiration Energy
• ATP is Adenosine TriPhosphate,
• ATP is used by cells so that cells do “work”
• Comparable to gasoline for a car
Cell that do Photosynthesis to
make Energy
• Prokaryotes (euglena, alga) & Autotrophic Eukaryotes (Plants)
Cell that do Respiration
to use Energy
• All Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes
Photosynthesis Reaction
3 Inputs (reactants)
for photosynthesis
2 outputs (products)
from photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration Reaction
Just Reverse Photosynthesis and put ATP as a product
2 inputs (reactants)
3 outputs (products)
Cell Energy
• The Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Cycle
Chloroplast makes the Glucose
Mitochondrion turns the glucose
into energy (ATP)
Photosynthesis and Cellular
Respiration Stores Energy
• Both processes store energy in chemical bonds.
Mitosis
• original somatic cell has 46
• Final 2 cells after mitosis also have 46 chromosomes
46
46
46