Download autonomic nervous system

CENTRAL INTEGRATION OF
AUTONOMIC FUNCTION
KHALED AL-SUHIBANI
Advisor : Abd Elmonem Hafez Abd Elmonem
OBJECTIVES :
• Define Autonomic Nervous system, mention its
components and their functions.
• Name the neurotransmitters of the autonomic
nervous system.
WHAT IS AUTONOMIC NERVOUS
SYSTEM ?
• It’s the portion of the nervous system that control
most visceral function of the body called
autonomic nervous system .
FUNCTION OF AUTONOMIC
NERVOUS SYSTEM :
• This system help to control arterial pressure,
gastrointestinal motility, gastrointestinal secretion,
urinary bladder emptying, sweating, body
temperature, and many other activity.
COMPONENT :
1. Sympathetic nervous system
2. Parasympathetic nervous system
1-SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
• The sympathetic nerve fibers originate in spinal cord
between cord segment T-1 and L-2 and pass first
into the sympathetic chain and then to the tissues
and organs that are stimulate by the sympathetic
nerves.
FUNCTION OF SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS
SYSTEM ON SOME ORGANS :
1. Eyes pupillary opening and focusing of the
lens. Sympathetic stimulation contracts the
radial dilator of the iris
pupillary dilation.
2. Heart increase and strength of heart
contraction.
3. Gastrointestinal decrease peristalsis and
increase the tone of sphincters.
2-PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS
SYSTEM
• The parasympathetic fibers leave the central
nervous system through cranial nerves iii, vii, ix and
x; and additional parasympathetic fibers leave the
lowermost part of the spinal cord through the
second and third sacral spinal nerves and
occasionally the first and fourth .
FUNCTIONS OF PARASYMPATHETIC
NERVOUS SYSTEM ON SOME ORGANS :
1. Eyes pupillary opening and focusing of the
lens. Parasympathetic stimulation contracts
the sphincter muscle of the iris
pupillary
constriction.
2. Heart decrease the rate of the heart.
3. Gastrointestinal promoting peristalsis and
relaxing the sphincter.
NEUROTRANSMITTER OF THE
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
• The sympathetic and parasympathetic
nerve fibers secrete mainly one or the other
of two synaptic transmitter substances,
acetylcholine or norepinephrine.
• All preganglionic neurons are cholinergic in
both the sympathetic or parasympathetic
nervous systems. Therefore, acetylcholine or
acetylcholine-like substance, applied to the
ganglia, will excite both sympathetic and
parasympathetic postganglionic neurons .
CONT.
• All or almost all of the postganglionic
neurons of parasympathetic system are also
cholinergic (Acetylcholine).
• Most of the postganglionic sympathetic
neurons are adrenergic (Norepinephrine).
• The postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers
to sweat glands, to the piloerector muscles
and to few of blood vessels are cholinergic.
CONT.
• The hormones in turn act on the different
organs to cause the respective
parasympathetic and sympathetic effects.
• Acetylcholine is called a parasympathetic
transmitter.
• Norepinephrine is called a sympathetic
transmitter.
REFRENCESES
ANY QUESTIONS ?
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