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NAME ______________________(H) CHAPTER 7: Cell Structure and Function STARTS WITH ? Vocab Review 1. Small structure in a cell that performs a specific function = _O_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 2. Dark spot in the nucleus where ribosomal RNA & proteins are made =_N_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 3. Sac of digestive enzymes involved in apoptosis = _L_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 4. _R_ __ __ __ __ ER is covered by ribosomes and transports proteins to the Golgi apparatus. 5. The _C_ _ __ __ _W_ __ __ __ is found outside the cell membrane in plants and bacteria and provides support and protection. 6. An organism like a green plant that can make its own food = _A_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 7. These sausage shaped organelles burn glucose and store the energy as ATP = _M_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 8. The molecule used by cells to store genetic information = _D_ __ __ 9. An organism whose cells have a nuclear membrane and organelles surrounded by membranes = _E_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 10. _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ is the molecule that makes plant cell walls sturdy. 11. The _N_ __ __ __ __ __ __ is surrounded by a double membrane, contains the cells DNA, and acts as the cell’s control center. 12. In some cells, one or two long hair-like structures called _F_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ extend from the cell’s surface and help move the cell. 13. The _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ consists of the gel-like material and organelles located between the nucleus and cell membrane. 14. Smooth ER has several functions including regulating _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __ ions in muscle cells, breaking down _T_ __ __ __ __ __ in liver cells, and making lipids like phospholipids & _S_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __. 15. The folded inner membranes inside mitochondria are called _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __. 16. A cell membrane is called a _B_ __ __ __ __ __ __ because the phospholipids line up in TWO ROWS with polar heads facing outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward. 17. The _P_ __ __ __ __ __ _M_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (also called the cell membrane) surrounds all cells and is selectively permeable to control what enters and leaves the cell. 18. Ribosomes join _A_ __ __ __ __ _A_ __ __ __ subunits to make proteins. 19. Golgi bodies are made of stacks of membranes called _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 20. ER is an abbreviation for _E_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _R_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 21. _S_ __ __ __ __ __ endoplasmic reticulum does NOT have ribosomes attached. 22. The _T_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ sacs found inside chloroplasts are where photosynthesis happens in plant cells. 23. A _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ molecule has a polar head and two non-polar tails and combine with proteins to make cell membranes. 24. A _G_ __ __ __ __ _B_ __ __ __ looks like stacks of pancakes and modifies, sorts, and packages molecules for use in the cell or transport out of the cell. 25. _C_ __ __ __ __ __ is the molecule that makes fungi cell walls sturdy. 26. _I_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ proteins stick into the cell membrane. They can go part way or all the way through to the other side. 27. Space for storing food, water, enzymes, or waste = _V_ __ __ __ __ __ __ 28. An organism (like you) that CAN’T make its own food and gets it energy by eating other organisms = _H_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 29. A _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ is an organism with NO NUCLEAR MEMBRANE and NO MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES. 30. _R_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ are small structures attached to Rough ER or free floating in the cytoplasm that make proteins. 31. _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ is the molecule that makes bacterial cell walls sturdy. 32. _B_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ are examples of cells that are PROKARYOTES. 33. The _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ is made of microtubules and microfilaments in the cytoplasm which provide support and give the cell its shape. 34. Molecule used by mitochondria to store energy = _A_ __ __ 35. _C_ __ __ __ __ are many short hair-like structures on the surface of a cell that help move the cell or move substances past the cell. 36. _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ are log-like structures made of microtubules that appear during cell division in animal cells and to organize the spindle & guide chromosomes apart. 37. _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ proteins stick to the outside or inside surface of a cell membrane. 38. _A_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ is “programmed cell death” for the good of the organism. 39. MOTOR proteins walk along on the microtubules of the _C_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ and pull chromosomes apart during cell division. 40. Membranes are _S_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _P_ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ because they allow certain molecules to pass through but keep others out.