Download The Diversity of Cells Chapter 3 Section 1 (p. 60 * 66)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFuEo2ccTPA&feature=youtu.be
The Diversity of Cells
Chapter 3 Section 1 (p. 60 – 66)
Cell and Cell Theory
• The cell is the smallest unit that can
perform all the processes necessary for life.
• The first person to describe cells was Hooke.
• Leeuwenhoek discovered single-celled organisms
including bacteria.
• Schleiden concluded that all plant parts were made of
cells
• Schwann concluded that all animal tissues were made of
cells.
• Virchow concluded that all cells come from existing cells.
The three parts of cell theory.
• All organisms are made of 1 or more cells.
• The cell is the basic unit of living things.
• All cells come from existing cells.
***All cells have a cell membrane, but only
plants and fungi have cell walls.
Parts of a cell
• Cell membrane – a protective layer that covers a
cell’s surface
• Cytoplasm – the fluid inside a cell
• Organelle – a structure that performs a specific
function in the cell.
• DNA – the genetic material that carries
information needed to make new cells or new
organisms.
• Nucleus – an organelle that contains DNA and has
a role in growth, metabolism and reproduction
Two Kinds of Cells
• All cells have cell membranes, organelles,
cytoplasm and DNA.
• The two kinds of cells are prokaryotic and
eukaryotic.
Prokaryotes
•
•
•
•
•
Single cell
No nucleus (Pro – No)
No membrane bound organelles
Eubacteria or bacteria are the most common
Three types of archaebacteria
– Heat loving
– Salt loving
– Methane making
Ribosomes
• Tiny round organelles
• Made of protein and other material
Eukaryotes
• Eukaryotes are about 10 times larger than
Prokaryotes.
• Eukaryotes have a nucleus in their cells
• Humans are eukaryotes
• Humans are multicellular
(many cells)
Chapter 3 Section 2
Eukaryotic Cells
1. The function of the cell wall is to give support
to a cell
2. Cell walls of plants and algae are made of
cellulose
3. The cell walls of fungi are made of chitin
4. A cell membrane is a protective layer that
encloses the cell and separates the cell’s contents
from the cells environment.
5. The three types of compounds contained in the
cell membrane are:
• Lipids
• Phospholipids
• Proteins
6. Two substances that control the movement of
materials into and out of the cell are
proteins and lipids
7. A web of proteins in the cytoplasm is known as the
cytoskeleton.
8. Two functions of the cytoskeleton are to keep the cell’s
membrane from collapsing and to help some cells move.
9. The genetic material contained inside a cell’s nucleus is
DNA.
10. The function of proteins in a cell is to control chemical
reactions
11. A nucleolus is a dark area of the nucleus that stores
materials and makes ribosomes.
12. organelles that make proteins are called
ribosomes.
13. Proteins are made of amino acids.
14. A system of folded membranes in which
proteins, lipids and other materials are made is
the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
15. Two forms of endoplasmic reticulum are
smooth ER and rough ER.
16. Mitochondrion breaks down sugar to
produce energy.
17. The site of cellular respiration is the
mitochondria
18. Energy is produced in mitochondria is
stored in a substance called ATP.
19. Chloroplasts are organelles that are found in
the cells of plants and algae.
20. Photosynthesis happens inside a chloroplast.
21. Chloroplasts are green because they contain
chlorophyll.
22. The function of the Golgi complex is to package
and deliver proteins.
23. A small sac that surrounds material to be moved
into or out of a cell is a vesicle.
24. Lysosome is a vesicle responsible for digestion
inside a cell.
25.Lysosomes destroy worn-out or damaged
organelles, get rid of wastes and protect the cell
from foreign invaders.
26. Vacuoles are large organelles that act like
lysosomes or store water and other material.
Cell Theory Rap
http://viewpure.com/wFvI9zc19yc?start=0&end=0
Cell Structures Video
• http://www.brainpop.com/science/cellularlife
andgenetics/cellstructures/preview.weml
sscsd
sscsd