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From DNA to Protein Worksheet
Write the complementary DNA strand to this leading strand of DNA below it.
5’ T A C C T G C C A G T T A T C G A G G C T A T C C G A T C C C G T T A T 3’
3’ ___________________________________________________________________ 5’
Write the complementary mRNA strand to this strand of DNA below it.
5’ T A C C T G C C A G T T A T C G A G G C T A T C C G A T C C C G T T A T 3’
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Match codons of the mRNA strand you’ve created with their corresponding amino acids
written on the line below them. Use the 1st 3 letters of the amino acid as abbreviations.
The genetic code is found on page 207 of your text and on page 3 of accompanying WS.
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Using the following polypeptide sequence, predict 2 possible DNA sequences that
could’ve coded for it.
Met – Pro – Leu – Lys – His – Thr – Phe – Val – Ser – Gly –Ala – Tyr – STOP
mRNA _________________________________________________________________
DNA __________________________________________________________________
DNA __________________________________________________________________
Ala = alanine
Gly – glycine
His – histidine
Met = methionine Phe – phenylalanine
Tyr = tyrosine
Val – valine
Pro – proline
Leu – leucine
Lys = lysine
Ser- serine Thr = threonine
Holts’ Chapter Test A: This is copyrighted & may not be reproduced.
DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase.
______ 1. nucleotide
______ 2. deoxyribose
______ 3. adenine
______ 4. guanine
______ 5. cytosine
______ 6. thymine
______ 7. purines
______ 8. pyrimidines
______ 9. DNA polymerases
______ 10. replication forks
______ 11. codon
______ 12. genome
a. a nitrogenous base that forms hydrogen
bonds with cytosine
b. a nitrogenous base that forms hydrogen
bonds with guanine
c. a nitrogenous base that forms hydrogen
bonds with thymine
d. enzymes that have a proofreading role
in DNA replication
e. a class of organic molecules, each
having a double ring of carbon and
nitrogen atoms
f. portions of DNA where the double
helix separates during DNA replication
g. a five-carbon sugar
h. consists of a phosphate group, a sugar
molecule, and a nitrogen base
i. a nitrogenous base that forms hydrogen
bonds with adenine
j. a class of organic molecules, each
having a single ring of carbon and
nitrogen atoms
k. complete gene content of an organism
l. 3-nucleotide sequence of mRNA
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or
best answers each question.
______ 13. What did Griffith observe in his transformation experiments?
a. Virulent bacteria changed into harmless bacteria.
b. Heat-killed bacteria changed into S bacteria.
c. Harmless bacteria changed into S bacteria.
d. Virulent S bacteria changed into harmless bacteria.
______ 14. In 1944, Avery conducted a series of experiments that showed that the material responsible for
transformation is
a.RNA.
b. DNA.
c. protein.
d. bacteriophage.
______ 15 The nucleotides in DNA are bonded to each other by
a. covalent bonds.
c. ionic bonds.
b. hydrogen bonds.
d. peptide bonds.
DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis, Chapter Test A continued
Refer to the mRNA sequence CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC and the table below, which lists mRNA codons, to
answer questions 14–16.
_____ 16. Which of the following would represent the sequence of DNA from which the mRNA
sequence was made?
a. CUC-AAG-UGC-UUC
c. GAG-TTC-ACG-AAG
b. GAG-UUC-ACG-AAG
d. AGA-CCT-GTA-GGA
_____ 17. The anticodons for the codons in the mRNA sequence above are
a. GAG-UUC-ACG-AAG.
c. CUC-GAA-CGU-CUU.
b. GAG-TTC-ACG-AAG.
d. CUU-CGU-GAA-CUC.
_____ 18. Which of the following represents the portion of the protein molecule coded for by the
mRNA sequence above?
a. serine-tyrosine-arginine-glycine
b. valine-aspartic acid-proline-histidine
c. leucine-lysine-cysteine-phenylalanine
d. glutamic acid-phenylalanine-threonine-lysine
_____ 19. The two chains of the DNA molecule are held together by
a. covalent bonds.
c. ionic bonds.
b. hydrogen bonds.
d. peptide bonds.
_____ 20. At the end of the replication process, each of the two new DNA molecules is composed
of which of the following?
a. two new DNA strands
b. one new and one original DNA strand
c. one new and one mutated DNA strand
d. two original DNA strands
DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis, Chapter Test A continued
Read each question, and write your answer in the space provided.
21. What is the difference between transcription and translation?
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22. Explain how RNA differs from DNA.
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23. Describe the role of DNA helicases during replication.
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Refer to the figure below to answer questions 24 and 25. C
24. What does the figure above represent?
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25. Identify the structures labeled A–C.