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_______ pts of 50 pts = _________ %
Name/Section: _______________________________________
Life Science Test # 1 on Chapter One – August 2016
(PRINT clearly and neatly. SPELLING COUNTS when there is a word bank.)
1.
Organisms, like most PLANTS, that make their own food (SELF-feeders) are called
a. Autotrophs
b. Phototrophs
c. Heterotrophs
d. Homeotrophs
2.
A change or event in an organism’s surroundings that CAUSES the organism to respond is a/an
a. Variable
b. Stimulus
c. Spontaneous generation
d. Switcharoo
3.
The differences between a plant cell and an animal cell include
a. plant cells have chloroplasts
b. plant cells have cell walls
c. mature plant cells have one large vacuole
d. all of these
4.
A barnacle attached to a rock that closes up its scales to maintain the moisture inside when the tide
goes out (so it can SURVIVE) is an example of what need?
a. Development
b. Homeostasis
c. Living space
d. Desperation
5.
According to scientists' hypotheses (theories), which of the following is NOT true about the earliest
forms of life on Earth?
a. they lived in the oceans
b. they were unicellular
c. they needed oxygen to survive
d. they were heterotrophs
6.
The mistaken idea that life could come from non-living matter was called
a. the cell theory
b. the big bang theory
c. spontaneous generation
d. evolution
7.
List the SIX characteristics that all organisms share with all other living things: (6 pts)
8.
______________________________
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
The most ABUNDANT chemical (“chemicals of life”) in cells and us - about 93% of our blood - is
______________________________________ .
9.
An organism made up of MANY cells is called a/an ____________________________ organism.
10. List the FOUR needs all organisms have in order to survive. (4 pts)
_____________________________
______________________________
_____________________________
______________________________
11. The process that occurs during an organism’s life where it changes to become MORE COMPLEX,
for example, an acorn maturing into an oak tree, is called _______________________________________.
12. Match the scientist with their contribution to our understanding of cells (put correct letter) 5 pts
_____ Said animals are made up of cells
a. Rudolf Virchow
_____ Looked at cork and saw "little rooms" he called "cells"
b. Matthais Schleiden
_____ Insisted cells (life) only come from other cells (life!)
c. Robert Hooke
_____ Discovered bacteria in pond water and teeth scrapings
d. Theodor Schwann
_____ Determined plants are made up of cells
e. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Use the PLANT AND ANIMAL CELL diagrams to answer questions # 13 through # 24.
13. These small grain-like bodies are found floating in the cytoplasm and also are attached to the outer
surface of some of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) making it look bumpy or rough. They function as
factories to produce proteins.
14. This barrier protects the cell and has tiny openings or pores because its main function is to control
what substances come into and out of the cell.
15. These are storage tanks for food and water, but mainly water in the plant cell.
16. This is the “brain” or control center of the cell that directs all of the cell’s activities.
17. This smaller structure INSIDE the nucleus is where ribosomes are made.
18. This is a network of passageways (kind of like a maze) that carries materials from one part of the cell
to another. This is the kind that is NOT bumpy.
19. These rod-shaped organelles are the “powerhouses” of the cell because they produce most of the
cell’s energy.
20. These structures look like a flattened collection of sacs and tubes. They receive materials from the
endoplasmic reticulum and send them out to other parts of the cell through the ER, so they can be
thought of as the cell’s “mailroom” or “post office.”
21. This is a network of passageways (kind of like a maze) that carries materials from one part of the cell
to another. This is the kind that IS “bumpy” because of the tiny grain-like organelles attached to
the outside.
22. These small organelles contain chemicals that break down food particles and worn-out cell parts –
they are like the cell’s “clean-up crew.”
23. This is the gel-like area between the cell membrane and the nucleus where many different
organelles are found.
24. This is NOT an organelle, but these tiny strands or threadlike structures are found in the nucleus and
contain nucleic acids which carry all the genetic information.
Use the PLANT CELL diagram to answer questions # 25 and #26.
25. This rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cell is ONLY found in plant cells and gives the
plant cell its boxlike shape.
26. This organelle gives plants their green color. They capture sunlight to produce food for the cell.
True or False
27. _______ Pasteur and Redi were two of the scientists who proved the theory of spontaneous
generation.
28. _______ Organisms such as bacteria whose cells do not contain nuclei are called eukaryotes.
Short answer
29. In what KIND of ANIMAL CELL would you expect to find a lot of mitochondria because mitochondria
produce most of the cell’s energy, and these SPECIALIZED cells are very ACTIVE cells?
30. In what KIND of ANIMAL CELL would you notice the cell is like a bendable disc so that it can travel
through a series of tubes?
31. In what KIND of ANIMAL CELL would you observe the cell has many branches (dendrites) coming out
of it that look like wires because it has to constantly transmit messages or impulses?
32. An experiment where all the variables are exactly the same EXCEPT ONE is called what?
33. The ONE variable in this type of experiment that is changed is called what?
34. What was this one changed variable in Pasteur’s famous experiment?
35. What was this one changed variable in Redi’s experiment?
36. Tell me the THREE parts or tenets (statements about what is true) in THE CELL THEORY. (3 pts)