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Biology 141 – General Biology
Fall 2014 – Dr. Carey – Exam 1
Name _____________________________
Part I – Multiple choice – Circle the one best answer in each question. 1 pt. each.
1.
A maple tree is at which level of organization? A) species
C) organism D) family E) more than one of the above
2.
A group of organisms of the same species is a(n): A) system
C) population D) genus E) none of the above
3.
Which branch of biology is concerned mostly with the naming and classifying of
organisms? A) genetics B) physiology C) genomics D) evolution
E) taxonomy
4.
Which of the following taxa would be nearest the base of the hierarchy?
A) tribe B) family C) division D) class E) order
5.
Of the choices in question 4, which would be nearest the top of the hierarchy?
______
6.
Which of the following questions is outside the realm of science?
A) How did humans originate? B) Why do monkeys have a finite lifespan?
C) How is oxygen made? D) Are red flowers prettier than blue flowers?
E) Is there a gene for alcoholism?
7.
In the scientific method, which of the following is directly tested? A) results
B) predictions C) hypotheses D) theories E) observations F) all of the
above
8.
Oxygen has the atomic number 8. This means that it has 8 _____ in its nucleus.
A) protons B) electrons C) neutrons D) protons and neutrons
9.
Given the atomic number of oxygen, how many electrons would you expect a
neutral atom to have in its outer-most electron shell? A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8
E) the number is unpredictable
10.
Fat-soluble vitamins would most likely be classified as: A) proteins
B) lipids C) nucleic acids D) carbohydrates E) more than one of the above
F) all of the above
11.
Given the choices in question 10, which would be polar in nature? _______
12.
Liquid water is most dense at ____ degrees C.
E) 100
A) 0
B) population
B) ecosystem
B) 4 C) 32 D) 37
Δ13.
A group of interacting organs form a(n): A) organism
C) population D) system E) community
B) tissue
14.
The diagram at left represents the
structure of a(n) ______ group.
A) amino B) carbonyl
C) carboxyl D) hydroxyl
E) hydrocarbon
15.
The molecule at left is a(n):
A) glycerol B) fatty acid
C) nucleic acid base D) sugar
E) amino acid
16.
Adaptation is directly due to changes in the: A) physiology of an organism
B) body structure of an organism C) physiology of a population
D) genetic information of a population E) genetic information of an organism
17.
The adaptation, as described in question 16, is the result of a process known as:
A) acclimatization B) homeostasis C) immediate response D) natural
selection E) metabolism
Part II – True-false – Indicate the validity of each statement by placing a “T” or “F” in
the margin to the LEFT of each. 1 pt. each.
1.
A grammatically correct scientific name for a field sparrow would be:
spizella pusilla.
2.
A “useful” answer to a scientific question must be consistent with all of the
known data.
3.
In nature horses and donkeys will interbreed and produce sterile mules as
offspring. Thus by definition, horses and donkeys are members of the different
species.
4.
The schematic at right outlines the structure of
a pyrimidine base.
5.
Different species in the same order could be in the same family.
6.
The general name for the type of reaction that occurs when two nucleotides are
separated is hydrolysis.
7.
The tertiary structure of a protein is primarily the result of hydrogen bonds that
form in the regions of the peptide linkages between the protein’s monomers.
8.
All else being equal, we would expect that amino acids with nonpolar side chains
would be located near the surface of a folded protein.
9.
Chitin would be classed as an amino carbohydrate.
10.
Carotenoids typically absorb best at the blue/violet end of the visible spectrum .
11.
If a chemical reaction has a high energy change (ΔG), it necessarily has a high
spontaneous rate.
Part III – Fill-in. Write an appropriate word or phrase in each blank space. 1 pt. each
blank.
1.
We are given an unknown type of unicellular organism to classify. We can
determine that it is a member of the domain __________________________ by
seeing if it possesses ______________________ cells. If it does not, then it
would be a member of the domain ______________________. If the latter were
true, the organisms would also be heterotrophic _____________________ (true or
false).
2.
A(n) __________________________ is a very well tested and well supported
answer to a scientific question.
3.
Two amino acids with the chemical formula C3H8O3N are linked together with a
peptide bond. The resulting dipeptide molecule will have ____ nitrogen atoms,
______ hydrogen atoms, _____ oxygen atoms, and _____ carbon atoms.
4.
Enzymes are defined as ____________________________. Given their
macromolecular structure, enzymes would be classed as
_______________________ in nature. Enzymes work by lowering the
______________________________ of specific reactions. The function of these
enzymes is often regulated by changing their shape, a process known as
______________________________.
5.
A sessile, multicellular organism might be in either the kingdom
_______________________ or _______________________. If it were
heterotrophic, it would be in the kingdom _______________________. We
would also expect such organisms to have ________________________ as the
primary constituent of their cell walls.
6.
In order for the results of an experiment to be considered valid, the experiment
must be _____________________________ and
___________________________.
Part IV – Short answer – Write an appropriate answer in the space provided. Pts as
indicated.
1.
Define: (3 pts each)
A. evolution
B. covalent bond
C. metabolism
D. quaternary structure of a protein
E. natural selection
F. receptor protein
G. isotope
2.
Describe the structure of a typical phospholipid molecule. Describe how these
molecules interact to spontaneously carry out their major function in living things.
(10 pts)
3.
Outline the major steps in the scientific method. (6 pts)
4.
List in order the the levels of organization that have any direct biological
relevance (# pts indicates the # of items in the list) (9 pts)
5.
Distinguish between competitive and non-competitive inhibition of protein
function. Which of the 2 is most commonly used in controlling normal protein
function in cells? (7 pts)
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