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IX. BIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS A. Competition = the struggle between organisms for food water, space, shelter, etc. 1. Interspecific competition = competition between members of different species examples: humans vs. tigers 2. Intraspecific competition = competition between members of the same species examples: humans vs. humans B. Predation = one organism kills and feeds on another organism 1. Predator = an animal that kills another animal for food examples: lions, sharks, humans, & ants 2. Prey = an animal that is killed by another animal as food examples: antelope, rabbits, cows, & fish C. Symbiosis = two dissimilar organisms live together in a close relationship 1. Parasitism = one organism (parasite) obtains nutrition from another organism (host) in a way that is harmful (+/-) examples: leeches, ticks, tapeworms, mistletoe 2. Commensalism = a relationship that is neither helpful nor harmful to the host (+/0) examples: epiphytes on trees & mites on eyelashes 3. Mutualism = the relationship is beneficial to both organisms (+/+) examples: bacteria in the intestines