Download Genetics Vocabulary

 passing
on of characteristics from
parents to offspring
 Structure
inside of a cell nucleus that
contains tightly compacted DNA
A
segment of DNA on a chromosome that
codes for a specific trait
 alternative
forms of a gene for each
variation of a trait of an organism
 Cells
that make up our body that are not
sex cells.
 observed
trait of an organism that
mask the recessive form of a trait
 male
eggs
and female sex cells, sperm and
 trait
of an organism that can be masked
by the dominant form of a trait
 combination
of genes in an organism
 outward
appearance of an organism,
regardless of its genes
 when
trait
there are two different alleles for a
 when
trait
there are two identical alleles for a
 characteristic
that is inherited; can be
either dominant or recessive
 an
organism's complete set of DNA,
including all of its genes
 one
of the structural components, or
building blocks, of DNA consisting of a
base (one of four chemicals: adenine,
thymine, guanine, and cytosine) plus a
molecule of sugar and one of phosphoric
acid
 the
process by which genetic
information represented by a sequence
of DNA nucleotides is copied into newly
synthesized molecules of RNA, with the
DNA serving as a template
 the
process by which a sequence of
nucleotide triplets in a messenger RNA
molecule gives rise to a specific
sequence of amino acids during
synthesis of a polypeptide or protein.
a
chain of covalently bonded amino
acids.
a
simple organic compound containing
both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an amino
(—NH2) group.
 the
changing of the structure of a gene,
resulting in a variant form that may be
transmitted to subsequent generations,
caused by the alteration of single base
units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or
rearrangement of larger sections of
genes or chromosomes
 The
recorded ancestry of a person,
animal, or family.
a
sequence of three nucleotides that
together form a unit of genetic code in a
DNA or RNA molecule.