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Transcript
The History Born in 1822 Gregor Mendel eventually became the “Father of Genetics” Friar Scientist What he did. Gregor Mendel decided to see what would happen if he crossed various pea plants He would carefully transfer the pollen from one plant to another He did this thousands of times The Traits he tested. His work and others led to… Dominant only shows when present Dominant does not mean better Recessive does not mean worse Some definitions and facts Homozygous - genotype with the same alleles. For example: RR, or rr Heterozygous - genotype with the different alleles. For example: Rr. There are 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) in a normal human cell - diploid There are 23 chromosomes in a gamete (sex cell) - haploid Mitosis takes 1 body cell (diploid) and makes 2 identical body cells (diploid) Meiosis – finishes with 4 similar haploid cells (23 chromosomes Homozygous and Heterozygous Phenotypes and Genotypes Genotypes = the genetic code (on the inside) Phenotypes = the physical characteristics (on the outside) Phenotype vs Genotype What makes up DNA? Deoxyribonucleic acid Simplified – draw this Structure - continued Purines – Adenine and Guanine. These are the larger of the 2 types of DNA bases Pyrimidines – Thymine and Cytosine. Smaller type of DNA base DNA Replication - Definition In molecular biology, DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. DNA Replication
