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Plant vs Animal Cell
Note-taking Guide
Eukaryotic Cell
chromosomes,
nucleus,
eukaryotic,
DNA,
pores,
prokaryotic,
proteins,
envelope
Cells within us are collectively responsible for the production and transport of
__________________ to different parts of our body at different times.
The nucleus is a large, almost spherical structure inside the cell. Cells with a nucleus are called
____________________ cells and are found in higher groups of organisms like plants and
animals.
The nucleus controls all activities taking place inside a eukaryotic cell and it uses the
information stored in the cell’s genetic material known as ______; which is packaged into
chromosomes that are present within a double membrane structure called the nuclear
________________.
The nuclear envelope separates ______________________ and other contents of the nucleus
from the rest of the cell. It is not a continuous structure, but has tiny __________ that control the
flow materials going in and out of the nucleus.
The nucleus is absent in lower groups of organisms like bacteria, and such cells are said to be
______________________. Since prokaryotic cells lack a ______________, their DNA floats
freely in their cytoplasm.
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Cytoplasm
eukaryotic,
shape,
organelles,
cytoplasm,
transport,
production
The ______________________ is a jelly-like material present between the nucleus and the
cell's outer boundary.
This is the area where most cellular activity like ____________________ of substances,
__________________ of food and wastes etc. occurs. The cytoplasm also gives the cell its
__________ and is the site of many chemical reactions necessary for life.
Present within the cytoplasm of ____________________ cells are many membrane-bound
structures that carry out a specific function in the cell. These structures are called
____________________.
Organelles
golgi,
double membrane,
glucose,
endoplasmic reticulum,
surface area,
ribosomes,
mitochondrion,
powerhouses,
surface,
cristae,
matrix
The network of membranes in the cell called the
_________________________________________, which is the site where proteins are
produced and assembled. Present on the endoplasmic reticulum are tiny attendants or
organelles called __________________, which make proteins.
Cells use the energy from ______________ to do work. The organelle that breaks down
glucose is called the __________________________. Mitochondria are membrane-bound
organelles that are present inside all eukaryotic cells and are often called the energy centers or
______________________ of the cell.
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Like the nucleus, a mitochondrion is also surrounded by a
________________________________. In a mitochondrion the outer membrane is smooth
while the inner membrane has many folds called ______________.
The folds of the inner membrane increase the ________________________ for energyproducing chemical reactions to occur. The mitochondrion is also filled with a fluid called the
____________.
The __________ apparatus consists of membrane-bound stacks called the cisternae. Once a
protein is tagged, the golgi apparatus sends it on its way by budding off vesicles containing the
protein, from its ______________.
The Cell Membrane
glucose,
semi-permeable,
limited extent,
oxygen,
freely
The cell membrane or the plasma membrane is ________________________________. This
means that the membrane can either let a substance pass through ____________, pass
through to a __________________________, or not pass through at all.
The plasma membrane prevents certain harmful substances from entering the cell, whereas
vital substances such as ____________________________, and some proteins are allowed to
cross easily.
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Plant vs Animal Cell: Cell Wall
impermeable,
mitochondria,
movement,
cytoplasm,
nucleus,
support,
structure,
cellulose,
eukaryotic,
cell wall
Both plant and animal cells are both ____________________ and possess a cell membrane,
__________________, and organelles like the ______________ and
________________________.
Plant cells have a structure outside the cell membrane called the __________________. It is
made up of a complex sugar called __________________. The cell wall is mainly
_______________________ in most parts except for where there are tiny holes. These holes
permit the ________________ of different substances.
The rigid cell wall gives ______________ and __________________ to the plant cell and its
contents, much like our skeletal system does with our organs.
Plant vs Animal Cell: Chloroplast
chlorophyll,
chloroplasts,
thylakoids,
green,
double membrane-bound,
grana
Only plant cells have ________________________. Like mitochondria, chloroplasts are also
__________________________________________ organelles and convert energy from one
form to another.
Within the chloroplast are disc-shaped structures called ____________________, which are
generally arranged in stacks. These stacks of thylakoids are called __________.
Chloroplasts contain a green pigment called ______________________ that converts light
energy to chemical energy that is used to make food. This pigment within chloroplasts also
gives plants their __________ color.
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Plant vs Animal Cell: Vacuole
vacuoles,
contamination,
storage,
plant,
shape,
water,
one,
animal
lose,
pigments,
numerous,
A vacuole is a fluid-filled sac that serves as a ______________ area for the cell. It is much
larger and more distinct in __________ cells than in ____________ cells. Animal cells have
________________ vacuoles while plant cells have just ______.
A vacuole can store food that the cell may later use for survival. It also stores waste to prevent
other parts of the cell from __________________________. In plant cells, vacuoles store
__________ as well as __________________ that give flowers their colors.
A leaf droops when water is not available because vacuoles in the plant cells ________ water
and shrink. The __________, though, remains intact because of the cell wall. When the plant
finds a new source of water, the ________________ are refilled and the plant regains its
structure.
The Cell Theory
structure,
the cell theory,
cells,
metabolic,
life,
basic,
all
As microscopes improved and scientists were able to observe cells, they realized and accepted
that the cell is the __________ unit of ________.
Around 1838, scientists officially formulated what is still widely accepted and known as
"______________________________”. The cell theory states that: ______ organisms are
made up of one or more __________, the cell is the basic unit of ________________________
in all organisms, and all __________________ functions of life takes place inside a cell.
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