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The Cell Theory
Class expectations:
Find Your seat – Be at Zero Level
 Update Your Agenda
 The Vocab Builder is our In-Class Work
for Today.
 Attempt to answer all you can. Then
you can use a text book to find the
other definitions.

Some Random Cell Facts
The average human being is composed
of around 100 Trillion individual cells!!!
 It would take as many as 50 cells to
cover the area of a dot on the letter “i”

The Cell Theory Complete

The 3 Basic Components of the Cell Theory
were now complete:

1. All organisms are composed of one or more
cells. (Schleiden & Schwann)(1838-39)
2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living
things. (Schleiden & Schwann)(1838-39)
3. All cells are produced by the division of
preexisting cells. (Virchow)(1858)


What is a cell?
 What
is a cell?
 A cell is the basic unit of living
things.
 Some living things are composed of
only one cell and are called
UNICELLULAR organsims.
 Organisms that have many different
cells are called MULTICELLULAR
organisms.
You will need to know the following organelles
and their function:
Cell Membrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm
,Mitochondria, Golgi Complex,
Ribosomes,Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Cell Wall,
Chloroplast, Central Vacuole, Lysosome,
Microtubles, Microfilaments,
Nucleolus,Vesicles,Cytoskeleton,Centrioles
Cell Membrane

Every cell is enclosed
by a cell membrane.
It controls the
passage of materials
in and out of the cell.
Cytoplasm
(not an organelle
All organelles
reside (live
and float
around in)
the
cytoplasm.
 Cell process:
 Cell division

Organelles
Organelles are structures that enable
the cell to live, grow and reproduce.
Nucleus

The control center of
the cell. It contains
the DNA code for the
cell coiled into
chromosomes.
 Cell
process: cell
division, protain
making, energy ,
etc
Nucleolus
 Organelle
in the
nucleus that is
the site to make
ribosomes.
 Cell process:
protein making
Chromosomes
Organelles - Store, clean,
support
 Vacoules,
Vesicles,
cytoskeleton,
microtubules,
microfilaments,
centrioles,
lysosomes,
cytoplasm
Lysosome
Breaks down
materials for
digestion.
 Contains special
enzymes for
digestion in the cell.

Central Vacuole
(Plant Cell Only)
Most plant cells have
one large one.
 Filled w/ fluid.
 Helps maintains
turgor pressure and
shape of cell.

Centrioles
Produces the
microtubules that
pull apart
chromosomes
during cell division
 Cell Process: cell
division

Vesicles
Capsules
that carry
cell
nutrients,
waste, or
water.
Protein Building
Organelles:
ribsosome,
ER(smooth and
rough)
 Golgi appartatus

Ribosomes

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
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Synthesizes proteins.
Present in the cytoplasm.
Present with Rough ER.
No membrane present.
Cell process: protein
making
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transports materials
throughout the cell.
 Digests lipids.
 Cell process:
Produces proteins.
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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Covered with
ribosomes.
 Cell process:
Produces proteins.
 Transports materials
throughout the cell.

Golgi Complex
The protein
packaging and
transport center of
the cell.
 Has incoming and
outgoing vesicles.

Energy Capture

Organelles:
Mitochondria,
chloroplast
Mitochondria
This organelle
processes energy for
a cell. It makes
ATP.
 (ATP = energy)
 Involved in cellular
respiration.
 Cell process: cellular
respiration

Chloroplast
(Plant Cell Only)


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Contains chlorophyll.
Makes plants green.
Uses light energy to
make ATP & sugars.
Photosynthesis takes
place here.
Cell process:
photosynthesis
Boundaries
Organelle:
 Cell membrane
 Nuclear membrane
 Cell wall

Cell Wall
(Plant Cell Only)
Rigid and strong
wall.
 Protects and
maintains the shape
of the cell.
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