Download Ch. 5 Cells

Ch. 5 Cells
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. Unlike Hooke, Leeuwenhoek observed cells that
a. had no cell walls.
b. came from plants.
c. were alive.
d. could only be seen with a compound microscope.
____
2. What is the function of a cell wall?
a. to protect and support the cell
b. to perform different functions in each cell
c. to prevent water from passing through it
d. to prevent oxygen from entering the cell
____
3. Which organelle is the control center of a cell?
a. mitochondrion
b. ribosome
c. nucleus
d. chloroplast
____
4. A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler elements is a(n)
a. particle.
b. element.
c. carbohydrate.
d. compound.
____
5. Enzymes are important because they
a. contain water.
b. speed up chemical reactions.
c. contain genetic material.
d. help the cell maintain its shape.
____
6. Sugar molecules can combine with one another to form large molecules called
a. proteins.
b. starches.
c. enzymes.
d. lipids.
____
7. Which term refers to the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane?
a. osmosis
b. engulfing
c. active transport
d. facilitated transport
____
8. Specialized cells are found only in
a. animals.
b. single-celled organisms.
c. bacteria.
d. many-celled organisms.
____
9. How does magnification occur in an electron microscope?
a. An electron beam creates an image.
b. An electron beam makes the object become larger.
c. Light is changed into electrons by a convex lens.
d. Light is reflected by an electron beam.
____ 10. The invention of the microscope made it possible for people to discover
a. plants.
b. skin.
c. animals.
d. cells.
____ 11. Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory?
a. Only plants are composed of cells.
b. All cells are produced from other cells.
c. Cells can be produced from nonliving matter.
d. Cells are one of several basic units of structure and function in living things.
____ 12. What does the term resolution refer to?
a. how well structures close together can be distinguished
b. how large an image can be
c. how many lenses a microscope uses
d. how much light is needed to see an image
____ 13. What is the function of a cell membrane?
a. to support the cell
b. to perform different functions in each cell
c. to control which substances enter and leave the cell
d. to form a hard outer covering for the cell
____ 14. Cells in many-celled organisms
a. all look the same.
b. all have the same structure.
c. are often quite different from each other.
d. are the same size in every part of the organism.
____ 15. Which term refers to the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration?
a. collision
b. diffusion
c. active transport
d. concentration
____ 16. Which term refers to the movement of materials through a cell membrane without using the cell’s energy?
a. concentration
b. collision
c. active transport
d. passive transport
____ 17. Which term refers to the movement of materials through a cell membrane when the cell’s energy is required?
a. osmosis
b. diffusion
c. active transport
d. passive transport
____ 18. Unlike the cell wall, the cell membrane
a. is found in all cells.
b. is made of chromatin.
c. protects the nucleus with a rigid layer of cellulose.
d. produces energy for the cell.
____ 19. Which organelles store food and other materials needed by the cell?
a. mitochondria
b. chloroplasts
c. ribosomes
d. vacuoles
____ 20. Which organelles release chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones?
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi bodies
c. lysosomes
d. vacuoles
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
____ 21. In passive transport, materials move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
through a cell membrane. ____________________
____ 22. You can't see the cells in your body because most of them are very small. ____________________
____ 23. Organelles that use energy from sunlight to produce food are called mitochondria. ____________________
____ 24. The cells in a many-celled organism often have different sizes and shapes. ____________________
____ 25. The cell theory states that cells are produced from nonliving cells. ____________________
Completion
Complete each statement.
26. DNA belongs to the group of organic compounds known as ____________________.
27. Cells are the basic units of structure and ____________________ in living things.
28. Small grainlike bodies called ____________________ produce proteins inside cells.
29. A light microscope that has two or more lenses is called a(n) ____________________ microscope.
30. According to the cell theory, all organisms are made of ____________________.
31. A lens that is thicker in the center than at the edges is called a(n) ____________________ lens.
32. Organelles known as ____________________ contain chemicals that break down food particles and old cell
parts.
33. A(n) ____________________ is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.
34. The diffusion of ____________________ molecules through a selectively permeable membrane is called
osmosis.
35. Unlike passive transport, active transport requires the cell to use its own ____________________.