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RNA and Central Dogma Pages 204-205 Starter Questions What is the function of DNA? Stores information for making proteins Where are proteins made in the cell? On the ribosomes in the cytoplasm Can DNA leave the nucleus? NO Then how can the information for making proteins get to the ribosome? RNA is made Vocabulary Terms • Chromosome : A rod shaped structure made of one strand of DNA and protein • Gene= segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a hereditary trait (protein) • RNA (Ribonucleic Acid): an intermediate between DNA and proteins, made of nucleotides Vocabulary Terms • Transcription: DNA acts as the template for RNA synthesis (Making RNA) • Translation: RNA directs the assembly of a protein (Using RNA) Central Dogma • Framework for understanding the flow of information • Information flows in the following way: DNA RNA Protein Draw this! What differences do you notice between RNA and DNA? RNA vs DNA RNA DNA • Sugar = ribose • Sugar = deoxyribose • Uses uracil instead of thymine • Single stranded • Use thymine instead of uracil • Double stranded Double Bubble RNA vs. DNA Types of RNA • Messenger RNA (mRNA): single strand of RNA that carries information from DNA to ribosome Types of RNA • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): RNA that is part of a ribosome Types of RNA • Transfer RNA (tRNA): transfers amino acids to ribosome to build a protein