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Transcript
Social Cognition • The way we attend to, store, remember, and use information about other people and the world around us • First impressions Groups Influences Social Facilitation Social Loafing Group polarization Group Think Attributions • What is the cause? – Internal attributions – External attributions – Theory of causal attribution • Consensus • Consistency • Distinctiveness Attributions • Prone to error • Taking shortcuts: – Attributional biases • Fundamental attribution error • Self-serving bias • Actor-Observer Bias • Belief in a just world Cognitive Dissonance • The unpleasant state that occurs when attitudes don't match behaviors • Responses Attitudes and Behavior • Attitude change – Persuasion – Mere exposure effect – Obstacles to persuasion Relationships • Liking – Repeated contact – Similarity – Physical attraction – Proximity – Mere exposure Relationships • Loving – Passionate love – Compassionate love – Triangular model of love • Passion • Intimacy • Decision/commitment Social Organization • Deindividuation • Norms • Conformity – Asch’s Study • Compliance • Obedience – Milgram • Aggression • Helping behavior – Altruism – Prosocial Behavior – Bystander Effect Conformity by Group Size Follow Up Studies Later, Asch measured the effect of having at least one confederate dissent & give the correct answer Foot in the Door • Start with a small request • Follow up with a large one % complying with large request Door in the Face • Start with a large request. • Follow up with a small one. % complying with small request Low-Ball • Make an attractive initial offer • After getting a commitment, make the terms less good Milgram’s Results Aggression Correlation in twins: Bystander Effect (Data from Darley & Latane, 1968) Bystander Effect (Data from Darley & Latane, 1968) Stereotypes • Why prejudice? • Realistic conflict theory – Robber’s Cave study • Social learning theory • Social Cognition theory • Us vs Them • Changing prejudice • Contact Hypothesis • Recategorization Realistic Conflict Theory Scarce Resources Competition between groups Prejudice Personal Space Design and Crowding A stressful dorm design Design and Crowding A non-stressful dorm design Street Design Crowded feeling neighborhood Street Design Open feeling neighborhood
