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PSPB in press 2017 - Open Research Exeter
PSPB in press 2017 - Open Research Exeter

... Ambivalence frequency. Seven items assessed respondents’ meta-perceptions of how frequently they experience ambivalence (α=.78). The items’ development was guided by research examining individuals’ feelings of ambivalence (see Newby-Clark, McGregor, & Zanna, 2002). A sample item is “I often have mix ...
Attitudes and Attitude Change - 2008
Attitudes and Attitude Change - 2008

... mundane extraneous factors, social psychology’s Holy Grail, has been a consistent theme in the field at least since Asch’s (1951) time. However, establishing the validity of the novel implicit approaches is daunting. Echoing Campbell’s (1969, p. 16) plaint, we are faced with “a very unsatisfactory p ...
The Impact of Intergroup Emotions on Forgiveness in Northern
The Impact of Intergroup Emotions on Forgiveness in Northern

... the outgroup less would be more willing to forgive them. As Tutu (1999) and Wohl and Branscombe (2005) suggest, forgiveness may be a particularly ‘human’ act. Extensive evidence has established that positive interaction between members of different groups can reduce intergroup prejudice and ...
Malleability of Attitudes or Malleability of the IAT?
Malleability of Attitudes or Malleability of the IAT?

... attitudes might develop, it is difficult to identify a given item of information, in any a priori manner, as personal or extrapersonal for any given individual (see Olson et al., 2009, for further discussion of this issue). What is extrapersonal to one person may form the very essence of another’s a ...
exploring the latent structure of strength‐related attitude attributes
exploring the latent structure of strength‐related attitude attributes

... distinct from one another, with fundamentally diVerent psychological natures and at least somewhat distinct origins and consequences. Some of these attributes are inherently subjective perceptions of the attitude‐holder. For example, attitude importance is a personal judgment of significance—for an ...
RESEARCH: Their Meaning and Use
RESEARCH: Their Meaning and Use

... For example, after having been briefly presented with a list of words, individuals might show superior performance on a related word fragment completion task, even though they perform only at chance levels on a recognition task in which they indicate the words they had seen earlier. If this terminol ...
Chapter 2 - Persuasion: Insights from the Self
Chapter 2 - Persuasion: Insights from the Self

... More specifically, we conducted an initial study in which thought confidence was assessed following a persuasive message along with the traditionally measured variables of thought valence and thought number. In this study (Petty et al., 2002, Study 2) participants were asked to read a persuasive mes ...
Discrepancies Between Explicit and Implicit Self
Discrepancies Between Explicit and Implicit Self

... well-being. Other recent research has demonstrated that people who scored relatively high on an explicit measure of self-esteem, but relatively low on an implicit measure (the IAT), exhibited the most self-aggrandizement across different indices (Bosson, Brown, Zeigler-Hill, & Swann, 2003), which is ...
Why Implicit Attitudes Are (Probably) not Beliefs
Why Implicit Attitudes Are (Probably) not Beliefs

... 2008). If implicit attitudes are radically unlike beliefs, however, then arguments may fail to change them. Such a finding would not entail, of course, that rational argumentation had no role to play in the fight against implicit prejudice, but its role might be relatively circumscribed: perhaps it ...
View - OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center
View - OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center

... & Wheeler, 1992), and the Multidimensional Attitudes Scale (MAS) (Findler, Vilchinsky, & Werner, 2007). The DSR scale is similar to paired comparisons where participants identify at what level of intimacy they are willing to have relationships with a person who is disabled (visual impaired, epilepsy ...
Program PDF - SPSP - Society for Personality and Social Psychology
Program PDF - SPSP - Society for Personality and Social Psychology

... more than 800 posters, and addresses from featured speakers and major award winners, it will be a challenge to take in all that interests you. We continue the tradition of offering lunch during midday poster sessions as a way to maximize the number of sessions while ensuring the good attendance and ...
The Dynamics of Persuasion
The Dynamics of Persuasion

... organized in generally the same way as the first edition. However, in an effort to modernize, reflect the field, and connect with readers, particularly students, I have done much rewriting—actually new writing. Although the format is similar and the skeleton of the '93 book remains, this is, in many ...
Self-Compassion and Self-Monitoring as Moderators of Cognitive
Self-Compassion and Self-Monitoring as Moderators of Cognitive

... Why is it that some people seem to change their opinions after listening to a speaker, such as a politician, and may not even realize that they changed their opinion? They may have just been the victim of cognitve dissonance. Cognitive dissonance occurs when someone performs a counter-attitudinal be ...
Rhodes et al. Developmental Science
Rhodes et al. Developmental Science

... implications of essentialism for inter-group relations in early childhood. Essentialism does appear to play a role in the development of social stereotyping in childhood; for example, Pauker et al. (2010) found among children ages 3-10 that essentialist beliefs about race predicted children’s use of ...
Essentialism and Inter-group Relations 1 Running head
Essentialism and Inter-group Relations 1 Running head

... implications of essentialism for inter-group relations in early childhood. Essentialism does appear to play a role in the development of social stereotyping in childhood; for example, Pauker et al. (2010) found among children ages 3-10 that essentialist beliefs about race predicted children’s use of ...
Attitude Change: Multiple Roles for Persuasion
Attitude Change: Multiple Roles for Persuasion

... (e.g., the need to form an opinion about an upcoming decision), so too are there individual differences in this need. They observed that some people were higher in their “need to evaluate” than others and these individuals were more likely to engage in on-line evaluation of a variety of stimuli and ...
Studying Framing Effects: Existing Research and
Studying Framing Effects: Existing Research and

... isolation. Yet, in many contexts, such as elections and policy debates, political elites compete with one another by offering different frames with the hope of moving citizens in their preferred direction. For example, in a debate about whether to permit a hate group to hold a rally, supporters emph ...
Attitudes and Attitude Change - psychology at Ohio State University
Attitudes and Attitude Change - psychology at Ohio State University

... and cognition (e.g. rating scales, checklists), which they suggested suffered from methodological limitations. To correct these problems, Eagly et al (1994) used open-ended measures in which participants were asked to list their emotions and beliefs separately and found that these measures of affect ...
Effects of Involvement on Persuasion
Effects of Involvement on Persuasion

... The opposite prediction about involvement's effects was generated by Zimbardo (1960)within a cognitive dissonance framework. Following Festinger's (1957) claim that the magnitude of the dissonance created by the juxtaposition of inconsistent cognitive elements increases with the importance of the de ...
Are ``implicit`` attitudes unconscious?
Are ``implicit`` attitudes unconscious?

... that this attitude results from prior exposure (Zajonc, 1968). In a similar vein, an individual may be consciously aware of his or her attitude toward Black people, but he or she may be unaware of how these reactions influence the interpretation of ambiguous behavior (Gawronski, Geschke, & Banse, 200 ...
Dissertation_EMC
Dissertation_EMC

... humanity continually amaze me – I’m lucky to have found you. I love you! To countless friends and family who have helped me as well – thank you! Lastly, I would like to thank Emily Stafford and Amanda Strickland for their help with statistical analyses, presentations, and work on manuscripts related ...
Sources of Implicit Attitudes
Sources of Implicit Attitudes

... implicit stereotypes and self-concept were measured, rather than attitudes and self-esteem. For example, men and women who associated themselves with warmth (or power) also associated warmth (or power) with their own gender, provided they identified with their gender; self-report measures did not co ...
Why implicit attitudes are (probably) not beliefs
Why implicit attitudes are (probably) not beliefs

... My broader point is about the state of the evidence: how little it speaks against mere contiguity-sensitivity and for form-sensitivity. I gesture toward an array of studies to fill these gaps. To get a better handle on form-sensitivity, return to Madeleine, who is daydreaming while her friend Theo t ...
Conditioning Implicit and Explicit Brand Attitudes Using Celebrity
Conditioning Implicit and Explicit Brand Attitudes Using Celebrity

... consumer attitudes, the implicit/explicit distinction may shed new light on existing studies or require new interpretation of effects from procedures used by consumer researchers. In particular, while there are numerous studies in social psychology investigating classical conditioning effects on imp ...
The New Implicit Measures: An Overview
The New Implicit Measures: An Overview

... interpersonal attraction with seating distance so as not to disturb the interaction), or there was some possibility that people might not be willing to tell you what their attitudes were (e.g., because of social desirability concerns or fear of retribution). When using indirect measurement approache ...
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Group polarization

In social psychology, group polarization refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members. These more extreme decisions are towards greater risk if individuals' initial tendencies are to be risky and towards greater caution if individuals' initial tendencies are to be cautious. The phenomenon also holds that a group's attitude toward a situation may change in the sense that the individuals' initial attitudes have strengthened and intensified after group discussion.
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