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Name:__________________________ Hour:_____ DNA Unit Test Corrections Part One: DNA Structure 3 2 1 1. In the picture above, what is Arrow #1 pointing to?_________________________ 2. In the picture above, what is Arrow #2 pointing to?_________________________ 3. In the picture above, what is Arrow #3 pointing to?_________________________ 4. Circle a nucleotide. 5. What is the shape of DNA?______________________________________________ 6. What is it with the structure of DNA that allows it to store so much information?_______ ________________________________________________________________________ Part Two: DNA Replication 7. Where does DNA replication take place:__________________ 8. When does DNA replication take place:__________________ 9. What are the three things that are necessary for DNA replication to take place in a cell? a. ____________________________ b._____________________________ c. ____________________________ 10. Draw the process of DNA replication given the one DNA strand below. EXPLAIN each step. A G G T C T A _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ Part Three: RNA 11. What does RNA stand for?___________________________________________________ 12. How is RNA different than DNA (name at least three differences)? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 13. What types of RNA did we talk about in class? What are their functions? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Part Four: Protein Synthesis 14. What are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins called? ________________________ 15. What holds these building blocks together?______________________________________ Draw two connected protein building blocks below. Label its parts. Transcription 16. What is the purpose of transcription?___________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 17. Where does transcription take place?___________________________________________ 18. What are the steps of transcription? Explain each step._____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Translation 19. What is the purpose of translation?____________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 20. Where does translation take place?____________________________________________ 21. What is the role of tRNA during translation?______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 22. Describe the process of translation.____________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 23. Given the DNA strand below, make the other strand, mRNA, tRNA, and Amino Acid. Gene Strand T A C G T C A T T Copy Strand mRNA tRNA Amino Acid 24. What is a codon?___________________________________________________________ 25. What is an anti-codon?______________________________________________________ 26. If a protein has 10 codons, how many amino acids are there in the protein?_____________ 27. How many amino acids are used by the human body to make proteins?________ 28. Why is the shape of a protein important? _______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 29. Name the protein affected by the genetic disorder that you researched.________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 30. What is the normal function of the protein you named in questions #29?________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 31. What are some other functions of proteins in your body?____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 32. What is it called when there is a change in the DNA sequence?_____________________ 33. Do all mistakes lead to an incorrectly made protein? Explain.________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________