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Bio 30 Outcome Checklist Unit 4: Molecular Biology Knowledge _____ I can describe the contributions that were made by James Watson and Francis Crick to the field of genetics. _____ I can describe the contributions that Rosalind Franklin made to the field of genetics. _____ I can describe the structure of DNA, including the three components of nucleotides, the two families of nitrogen bases, and how the two strands are bonded together. _____ I can describe how a DNA molecule is able to replicate itself semi-conservatively using molecules such as helicase & DNA polymerase. _____ I can describe the differences in DNA synthesis by polymerase in the leading and lagging strands of DNA replication. _____ I understand how a DNA sequence is transcribed into an mRNA sequence of bases using RNA polymerase. _____ I understand how rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA interact to synthesize a polypeptide / protein based on the nucleotide sequence of an mRNA molecule. _____ Given a DNA sequence, I can use the mRNA codon table to identify the amino acid sequence for which it codes. _____ I can demonstrate how a random change (mutation) in the DNA sequence can result in abnormalities and provide a source of genetic variability. _____ I understand and can demonstrate the range of consequences of genetic mutations. _____ I can explain how, in general, restriction enzymes cut DNA molecules into smaller fragments based on a specific nucleotide sequence, leaving “sticky ends”. _____ I understand the purpose and function of ligases. _____ I can explain how restriction enzymes, ligases, and other DNA technology can be used to transform cells by inserting new DNA or genes into their genome. _____ I can explain how the sequence of nitrogen bases in DNA can give evidence for the relationships among organisms of different species. Science, Technology, and Society _____ I can identify and assess concerns human and environmental concerns that may arise from genetic biotechnology. ex. corporations patenting genes for herbicide resistance ex. the use of transgenic organisms like “golden rice”, insulin producing bacteria, or goats producing silk in their milk! ex. cloning trees for replantation in the forest industry _____ I can give examples and explain how scientific research and the progression of technology can benefit humans, the economy, and the environment. ex. Benefits of gene replacement therapy for human genetic disorders ex. Using DNA to identify relationships between or within species (i.e to study evolution, identify biological parents, or match suspects to DNA left at a crime scene)