Download L3 Cell Parts Jan 2017

Lesson 3 Outline Organelles
39
1.  Hand out worksheet on Cell Parts Chart. Summary
item #2
2.  Fill in worksheet as we go through the following slides
3.  Do Drawing assignment at end of notes
L3 EUKARYOTIC CELL STRUCTURE
¨ 
You should still recall some
aspects of cell structure. At the
most basic Level, the cell's overall
structure can be viewed as:
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
Cell Membrane
Nucleus
Organelles
Cytoplasm
L3 EUKARYOTIC CELL STRUCTURE
1.Cell Membrane:
¤  the
thin layer which separates
the cell contents from it's
environment.
2.Nucleus:
¤  structure
within the cell which
contains DNA and controls cell
functioning.
L3 EUKARYOTIC CELL STRUCTURE
3. Organelles:
¤  Small
organs of the cell.
4. Cytoplasm:
¤  the
liquid substance of the cell.
L3 The Nucleus: the Cell’s CPU
¨ 
the nucleus is a large,
centrally located organelle
surrounded by a nuclear
envelope.
¤  The
envelope has nuclear
pores to allow materials in
and out the nucleus.
L3 The Nucleus: the Cell’s CPU
¤  is
the control center or "brain" of
cell.
¤  Contains the DNA and is the site
of RNA manufacturing.
L3 The Nucleus: the Cell’s CPU IB
Only
The nucleus contains one or more
DARK-STAINING discrete
structures, known as
theNUCLEOLUS, which are sites
of RIBOSOME SYNTHESIS.
¨  ¨ 
L3 Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
¨ 
¨ 
the ER is a series of folded
tubes near to the nucleus.
There are two types of ER
1.  Rough ER
2.  Smooth ER
L3 Rough ER
¨ 
¨ 
The surface of rough ER is covered with bumpy
ribosomes.
The function of rough ER is protein synthesis
L3 Smooth ER
¨ 
if no ribosomes are attached
to the ER, it is called
SMOOTH Endoplasmic
Reticulum.
¤  The
function of smooth ER is
synthesis of lipids
n  Lipids
are required for the
growth of the cell membrane
and for the membranes of the
organelles within the cell and
are often used to make
hormones)
L3 Ribosomes
Snowman shaped machine made
in the nucleolus.
¨  Can be attached to the ER or free
floating.
¨  function is site for PROTEIN
SYNTHESIS
¨ 
L3 Golgi Apparatus
located near to the nucleus
and ER.
¨  Thus, the Golgi apparatus
functions in modification,
packaging and secretion
of proteins.
¨ 
L3 Golgi Apparatus
¨ 
Packaged vesicles can move to
the cell membrane for export
to the outside of the cell by
exocytosis.
L3 Vesicles and Vacuoles
A VESICLE is a small vacuole
¨  are used for transport and
storage of materials
¨  Plant cells usually have one
large Central Vacuole.
¨ 
L3 Vesicles and Vacuoles
¨ 
the plant cell’s central vacuole
functions in
¤  1)
water storage
¤  2) food storage
¤  3) waste storage
¤  4) cell support
L3 Lysosomes: Cellular “Stomachs”
¨ 
¨ 
¨ 
Special vesicles
contain powerful hydrolytic
enzymes (break down
molecules)
functions in
¤  1)
cellular digestion
¤  2) autodigestion or disposal of
damaged cell components like
mitochondria
¤  3) breakdown of a whole cell
(by releasing their contents into
the cell cytoplasm). For this
reason, they are sometimes
called “suicide sacs.”
L3 Mitochondria:
the Cell’s Powerhouse
Mitochondria are the
largest organelles in
an animal cell, after
the nucleus.
¨  Converts glucose and
fatty acids to ATP
¨  Or
¨  Makes energy from
sugar
¨ 
L3 Chloroplast
Membrane bound
organelles in which
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
occurs.
¨  Energy of the sun is
captured to provide the
energy required for
converting CO2to
Glucose.
¨ 
L3 Chloroplast
¨ 
Process is basically the opposite of cellular respiration:
¤  CO2 +
¨ 
H2O + ENERGY (i.e. ATP)àCarbohydrate + O2
L3 Centrioles
Animal cells have two
objects, called centrioles,
located near the nucleus.
¨  Only found in animal
cells
¨  Play a part in cell
division.
¨ 
L3 The Cytoskeleton
¨ 
The network of
filamentous proteins
structures within the cell
that help it
¤  maintain
n  anchor
shape,
organelles,
n  help the organelles move as
necessary.
L3 Cilia
short, hairlike
projections that function
in cell movement
¨  shorter than flagella
¨ 
¤  beat
stiffly, like oars
L3 Flagella
longer than cilia
¨  beat in a whip-like
fashion
¨  function in cell movement
(e.g. sperm cells, Euglena)
¨ 
L3 Cilia vs. Flagella
Video
¨ 
Watch the video “The Parts of a Cell Excellent” in
media folder Bi 12 (7:21)
L3 Assignment Bi 11 and IB
Drawing is a major part of the final exam.
1.  Draw a cell with no help and label parts
2.  Attach the function to the parts
3.  Refer to the notes or textbook (pg 7-24 Oxford)(pg
89-99 M&L) fill in blanks (ones you didn’t know) in a
different colour. Red maybe? Homework Check
4.  Make a Venn Diagram with one circle for animal cells
and the second plant cells.
5.  Look at a liver cell under the microscope
6.  3rd Summary Item (Venn Diagram) Plants vs
Animals (pg 89-90)