Download Guided Notes: Cells How can we see cells…? Microscopes

Guided Notes: Cells
How can we see cells…? Microscopes!
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____________ microscopes are what we use in class
More ____________ microscopes, like scanning and electron transmission microscopes, allow
us to see cells in greater detail
Think about it: How does an electron microscope work? Why are these microscopes so expensive?
Parts of a Microscope
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Determining Total Power Magnification: To find this, multiply the power of the ____________
(4X, 10X, 40X), by the power of the ____________ (usually 10X)
Think about it: A student is viewing a slide using an objective lens with a power of 4X. What is the
total power magnification?
Cell Theory
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A cell is the basic __________, __________, and__________ unit of all living organisms
1. “The building blocks of life!”
Think about it: How do a human and an elephant differ?
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The Cell Theory says…
1.
2.
3.
Cells: Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic
Prokaryotic:
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Eukaryotic:
Prokaryotic cells are _______and less
_______ than eukaryotic cells
No membrane bound organelles; smaller
_______-celled organisms (ex. Bacteria)
Contains: Single, circular DNA,
ribosomes, and cell membrane
Prokaryotic
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Eukaryotic cells are ________, complex cells
made up of ___________________________
Each organelle within the cell carries out
different roles
Eukaryotic cells make up
__________organisms (mostly multicellular)
Eukaryotic
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant vs. Animal
7. Lysosome
8. Cell Wall
1. Nucleus
2. Mitochondria
3. Plasma Membrane
4. Ribosome
5. Vacuole
6. Cytoplasm
9. Chloroplasts
1. Nucleus:_________________________
6. Cytoplasm_______________________
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2. Mitochondria______________________
7. Lysosome________________________
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3. Plasma Membrane_________________
8. Cell Wall_________________________
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4. Ribosome________________________
9. Chloroplasts______________________
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5. Vacuole_________________________
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Think about it: Which cells would need a lot of mitochondria?
Think about it: What would happen if the cell lost all of its mitochondria?
Think about it: what would happen to the cell if all of the lysosomes burst at the same time? Does
this every happen on purpose?
Think about it: What is the plant cell made of? (Hint: What substance do plants make during
photosynthesis?)
Think about it: What do you think would happen if…
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The Mitochondria or chloroplasts stopped working?
The Plasma Membrane didn’t do its job?
The Nucleus stopped directing activities?
Eukaryotic Cells: Plant vs. Animal
Specialization of Cells
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Cells all begin as _______________________
Undifferentiated=_______________________
_______ determines the type of cell (ex. nerve cell, muscle, blood…)
Unicellular Organisms
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A “multicellular” organism is composed of many cells
____________means they are composed of a single cell!
o Ex. ____________________________________
o Unicellular organisms have many structures that help them survive
Eyespot
Contractile
Vacuole
Contractile Vacuole: _____________________
Flagella: ______________________________
_____________________________________
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Eyespot:______________________________
Pseudopod: ___________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
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Cilia: _________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
Adaptive Behaviors
Recall that “taxis” is an innate behavior in response to an outside stimuli!
Chemotaxis
Phototaxis